Oak Trees

As you are probably very aware, trees are a pretty common plant around the globe, no matter your location. Save for the arctic circle and the driest of deserts, you are likely to find trees somewhere in your proximity.

Trees grow at very different rates, which is to be expected. However, trees like the Eastern Hemlock, Canadian white cedar, Don Egolf Redbud, Bur Oak, Japanese Maple, Purple Lily Magnolia, and Serbian Spruce are among the slowest growing. These trees have slow yearly growth rates between 10″-24″.

To discover more about these trees and how you can affect their growth time, continue reading!

Do Slow-Growing Trees Live Longer?

There is a great deal of research on this subject, much of which deals with specific intricacies and nuances of how tree growth differs across species.

Research has shown examples of this in practice.

One situation shows slower radial growth rates of a tree correlates to the tree living much longer than another species who may grow much faster but will almost certainly live for less time. 

Does that make sense? 

If not, think of it like this:

The trunk of an eastern hemlock tree gets wider rather slowly, which is the radial growth rate. This tree is a good example of a tree that fills out pretty slowly while living for quite a long time. 

In fact, its lifespan can get up to 800 years and this tree does not even reach maturity until it has lived for nearly 300 years. 

Talk about slow-growing and long-living!!

An eastern white pine, however, has a trunk that fills out much more quickly. Unfortunately, as follows, this tree has a shorter overall lifespan.

Different Types Of Tree Growth

As explained by the University of Tennessee Extension, tree growth occurs in two different ways. 

“What are these different ways?” you may ask. Let’s dive in!

Primary Tree Growth 

When growth happens in a way that makes the tree larger and taller, it is primary growth. This sort of primary growth manifests as increasing height and length and occurs in small areas individually. 

This growth stems from as deep down as the roots of the tree and high up as the shoot tips. 

So- primary growth means what? Increased height and length of the tree and its branches!

Secondary Tree Growth

Secondary growth is when growth increases the thickness of the stems and branches of a tree. 

Among the stems and branches, roots also increase in diameter as a result of secondary growth.

Secondary growth means… Increased thickness in the tree and its various appendages!

Now that we have a better understanding of what growth even looks like in trees, let’s get to the important part. 

What are some trees we can use as an example of this newfound understanding of tree growth?

8 Most Common Slowest Growing Trees

Alright, it’s here! The moment you have been oh so patiently waiting for: some of the slowest growing trees.

Here are eight of the slowest growing trees out there, their growth rate, and some other information that might come in handy if you have any of these species. 

Tree Type	Yearly Growth Rate
Eastern Hemlock	12-24”
Canadian White Cedar	13-24”
Don Egolf Redbud	12”-16”
Bur Oak	Less than 12”
Japanese Maple	12”-24”
Purple Lily Magnolia	6”-12”
Chinkapin Oak	10”-24”
Serbian Spruce	12”

Like anything, there may be some variability here. Some individual trees may grow a little faster, or even a little slower. Maybe a tree not on this list is growing just as slow, even though it is not technically a ‘slow-growing tree.’

What we will discuss here regarding the yearly growth rate of each tree is the primary growth, mainly focusing on the increase in the tree’s height. 

That being said, let’s finally turn the spotlight on the trees.

Eastern Hemlock Tree

The Eastern Hemlock is a great first tree to discuss. If you remember, it was such a wonderful example that we already discussed it above. 

It deserves a little more attention than we gave it, though, so let’s talk about the Eastern Hemlock, shall we?

The USDA’s Forest Service informs us that an Eastern Hemlock tree measuring 193 cm (76 in) in d.b.h. and 53.3 m (175 ft) tall is among the largest recorded. Imagine that – one of the slowest growing trees getting to be one of the tallest! 

Maybe there’s some merit to that old saying, “slow and steady wins the race,” after all. 

If you recall from above, this tree can sometimes take between 250 and 300 years just to reach maturity. If a few hundred years put a tree at the start of its adult life, just imagine how slow yet fortuitous this species is. 

Eastern Hemlocks can live up to 800 years on average, with a record age recorded as 988 years… which is pretty darn old!

Eastern Hemlock Tree Growth Rate

The growth rate of these slow yet steady trees is pretty unbelievable in and of itself. 

It can take an Eastern hemlock 100 years to get to 2.5 cm in d.b.h, or diameter at breast height. This common measurement of a tree might take other, faster-growing trees (like sugar maple, for example) about 10 years to reach that point. 

So, the Eastern Hemlock is about 10 times slower in its growth than many average North American trees.

The average growth rate in height per year does not exceed 12 to 24 inches. 

Canadian White Cedar Tree

This evergreen tree is in no rush to shoot into the sky. 

The Canadian White Cedar is a softwood tree and a very adaptable one at that!

Its wide root system allows for this cedar to grow in places that other trees may not find as hospitable, like rocky areas or other difficult spaces. 

The Canadian White Cedar grows in places other trees like maple and oak cannot, which goes to show it has merit.

If you have ever heard of ‘arborvitae,’ it’s the same tree! Funnily enough, arborvitae means ‘tree of life’ and that is very reminiscent of the adaptability and survival instincts of this species. 

Canadian White Cedar trees can live up to 700 years on average, not quite beating out the Eastern Hemlock but certainly giving it a run for its money.

Canadian White Cedar Tree Growth Rate

The average growth rate of the Canadian White Cedar is 13 to 24 inches per year if conditions are good.

There is a Canadian White Cedar that is 4 inches tall, but over 100 years old. Just another reminder individual growth rates and factors play a huge part in what we hear about certain species. 

Maybe you’d heard of that tree and figured the species must be the slowest growing. While it grows at a slow-moderate speed, it is important to do research into the entire species.

Don Egolf Redbud Tree

A tree suited for warmer climates, the Don Egolf Redbud tree (also known as the Chinese redbud) is both compact and beautiful. 

Its vibrant pink flowers are closely clustered and bloom into an unmistakable show of color in the spring months. 

Some might even mistake this tree for a bush because of its short height, even at full maturity. 

The Don Egolf Redbud tree goes against the commonly held statement that slower-growing trees live for longer. With a lifespan of only 50-70 years, this redbud species is pretty short-lived. 

Unfortunately, this species is also pretty susceptible to diseases, which can significantly decrease the lifespan even more.

Don Egolf Redbud Tree Growth Rate

It takes this tree 15 years to reach its initial mature height of about 10 ft tall. This means the Don Egolf Redbud grows between 12 to 16 inches per year.

Not the slowest rate out there, but certainly not the fastest, either.

You could always purchase this tree as a more mature plant in order to get the beauty of the redbud in bloom without the hardship of bringing the plant up from a sapling.

Bur Oak Tree

The bur oak is rather adaptable, even a magnificent tree to fit into an urban setting with a lack of other green space to utilize.

Wildlife love the acorns, and so do some people who know how to use them properly!

If you are interested in learning more, check out our piece on 4 Reasons Why Squirrels Eat Acorns (& Their Favorite Type).

Now, as we talk about slow-growing trees, this one is giving all the others a serious run for their money. 

With a lifespan of 200-300 years minimum, this oak tree has plenty of time to make its mark. When your life is that long, there is no need to rush!

Bur Oak Tree Growth Rate

The bur oak grows at an extremely slow rate of less than a foot per year. Though it grows at a slow rate, its lifespan also allows it to reach up to a soaring 80 feet tall. 

Yes, you read that right- the bur oak grows so slowly that it might be lucky to hit 12” of growth in a year.

It’s all about balance, right?

Japanese Maple Tree

There are so many variations of the Japanese Maple, almost all of which are very slow-growing.

The reddish-purple leaves add yet another spectacular pop of color during the spring and summer months.

The mature height of a Japanese Maple tree is about 30 feet tall, which can be reached in about 12 years, give or take.

With the Japanese red maple, since there are so many variants of the species, it is hard to nail down exactly how long it will take. The important thing to know is this is a slow-growing species overall.

Although these trees are very beautiful, be warned they make some of the most helicopter seeds! If you want to learn more about these trees and others similar to it, check out 4 Maple Trees That Produce The Most Helicopter Seeds.

Japanese Maple Tree Growth Rate

The Japanese Maple’s growth rate spans from less than a foot per year to just at the two feet mark. 

That’s right – another tree whose yearly growth has the potential to be less than 12”. With a yearly maximum growth of 24”, we can likely assume a Japanese Maple tree will grow around 16” per year.

Purple Lily Magnolia

Similar to the Don Egolf Redbud, this tree adds a great level of color to any space. 

As another tree you might mistake for a bush. You could easily prune a Purple Lily Magnolia and maintain a certain shape or style. One more benefit of slow growth is the nature of this tree is pretty well set up for styling. 

Whether you are looking for a pretty shape in a sculpture garden or a well-manicured pop of color in your front yard, the Purple Lily Magnolia could be the tree for you.

Again, not the longest-lasting of trees, but this is certainly worth its ability to keep a shape.

The Purple Lily Magnolia tree should last around 100 years, so a few new generations will also benefit from your decision to plant a purple lily magnolia.

Purple Lily Magnolia Tree Growth Rate

Getting to a mature height of 10 feet takes the Purple Lily Magnolia 10-15 years, so it grows between 6 to 12 inches yearly.

Chinkapin Oak Tree

This tree is wonderful for wide-open spaces like large properties, parks, and even to add something to the empty lot around a business in need of some sprucing up.

A species that needs around 6 hours (at least) of direct sunlight a day, the Chinkapin Oak tree is most definitely well-suited for sunny regions.

Use the tree as a shade tree on a hot day, while allowing it to have everything that it needs to flourish. 

All critters will love this tree for the acorns it produces, but you can even use those acorns yourself.

​​You can take a look at our guide on 9 Amazing Fallen Acorn Uses here.

Really, this tree is good for so many purposes. Its slow growth only allows it to fully develop its assets for use by humans, animals, and more!

The Chinkapin Oak lives for well over 100 years on average.

Chinkapin Oak Tree Growth Rate

The Chinkapin Oak tree grows anywhere between 10 to 24 inches yearly, so you can expect this to be a pretty slow-growing addition to your backyard. 

Trees like this are pretty cool if they are planted when kids are little. They will get to grow up alongside the tree. Comparing growth between little humans and little trees will make this slow-growing species seem like it is just shooting into the air!

Already have this species on your property? Great! It’ll stick around for quite some time. 

Serbian Spruce Tree

Similar to the Japanese Maple, the Serbian Spruce tree grows slow, though this species lacks the variants that the Japanese maple so proudly boasts. 

Serbian Spruce trees are fantastic for backyards and other residential spaces, areas not quite urban but also in need of a bit of sprucing up. Just remember, when a tree grows, so do its roots. 

For this reason, planting a Serbian spruce in an area too compact could lead to property damage (even if that just means a sidewalk) a few years down the road.

Living around 60 years, it’s hard to imagine, but the Serbian Spruce tree gets up to 30-35 feet tall in some cases. 

While the growth rate of a Serbian Spruce ranges from less than a foot to just over two feet yearly, it is most common to see this species grow at the slow end of the spectrum.

Serbian Spruce Tree Growth Rate

This one is pretty simple because the standard growth rate of the Serbian Spruce is 12” per year.

Now, after learning about these trees, a foot does not seem so crazy anymore, right?

How To Help Trees Grow Faster

While all the trees we discussed here today have genetics to thank for their slow growth rates, there is always something you can do to support your tree, at the very least. 

While any of the following methods will not make your bur oak suddenly grow 2.5 feet per year, or your purple lily magnolia miraculously get taller, they will certainly promote healthy growth.

It all begins at the roots, and early in a tree’s lifespan. Next, you will want to maintain your tree throughout its life by trimming if needed, adding fertilizer to the soil, and making sure your tree has plenty of water to sustain it.

Do all of those things seem pretty basic to you? Great- you are probably already well on your way to growing a strong, healthy tree- no matter the species. 

If this is news to you, or you want to brush up on your general knowledge of tree maintenance- follow along for a little while longer

It never hurts to refresh your knowledge!

Water Your Tree Frequently To Promote Growth

One of the most important things when taking care of any plant is making sure it has enough water. Most trees should be able to obtain and retain the proper amount of water, but this is not always a case. 

Say, for example, the area you live in is facing a drought. You do not want to waste water, but in order to keep your tree from completely dying, try to add a little extra water.

You could also try something like the Greenscapes Tree Watering Bags. They hold up to 20 gallons of water and slowly release the liquid over 6 to 8 hours. This allows your tree to get proper hydration without wasting any extra!

Perhaps a better example is you notice the soil around your tree becoming dry, though nothing is particularly amiss in your environment. Take a moment and water your tree!

Heat of the summer? Water your tree!

Trees are adaptable and can survive many environmental hardships, but if you have the power to help them out along their journey- why not take it?

A happy tree is a healthy tree, and your yard will look all the better for it. 

Give your summer visitors a chance to comment on how well groomed your purple lily magnolia or how deep the green of your oak’s leaves are. (You can thank us for the reminder later!)

Fertilize The Soil To Aid Tree Growth

If you are a regular reader, you will be familiar with us talking about soil and fertilizer oh so often. Like, all the time. 

The simple truth of it is fertilizer is one of the most beneficial resources you can provide a plant with. 

Say it with us though… fertilizer is not plant food.

Fertilizer is… what?

When used with soil and water, fertilizer acts as a way to help plants use all aspects of the nutrients they are already receiving, while getting some supplementation to those main nutrient sources. 

In the same vein, trees need some vitamins and nutrients in their systems, too. 

Giving a tree that extra boost helps it focus on growing tall, wide, strong, and healthy above all else!

If you have an oak tree, check out our guide: How to Fertilize Your Oak Tree (7 Simple Tips)

That’s A Wrap!

Well, we hope this wasn’t as slow of a read as the growth of those trees.

For what it’s worth, if you’re looking for a fast-growing tree and stumbled here instead, you will know what not to look for as you begin your search. 

If you were here for this exact reason – to see which trees glow slow but live long, or which species may be more manageable to craft and shape, we hope this helps!

Remember, not every individual tree is going to be the same. One Japanese Maple may have a very wide truck while another is taller and thinner. 

Maybe your Don Egolf Redbud gets a little taller than expected, or not quite tall enough. 

Each tree is unique, and while it helps to know what to expect, part of the process is getting to learn as you grow.

Thanks for spending some time with us, and good luck as you continue along your own tree journey!

Conversely, if you’d like to check out some of the fastest growing oak trees, take a look at our article: 12 Fastest Growing Oak Trees: Growth Chart!

References

Bryan A. Black, Jim J. Colbert, Neil Pederson “Relationships between radial growth rates and 

lifespan within North American tree species,” Ecoscience, 15(3), 349-357, (1 September 2008) 

Coomes, D. A., & Allen, R. B. (2007). Effects of size, competition and altitude on tree growth. Journal of Ecology, 95(5), 1084-1097.

Red oak, white oak, which oak? Oak trees may all seem the same, but there are differences between them that are worth knowing of. Their growth rate, maximum size, bark and leaf color, and adaptability are some things to consider when planting an oak. 

In truth, white oak trees have grey bark that tends to be divided into small, vertical blocks on the tree, while red oak trees have dark red/grey/brown bark with a scaly texture. White oaks live up to 600 years and grow 18in annually, while red oaks live up to 500 years and grow 24in annually.

Truthfully, oak trees are quite durable, they are beautiful, and they can grow to last incredibly long. When it comes down to it, personal preference is a big player in choosing a tree, and we want to give you the right keys to do so.

What is the Lifespan of a Red Oak vs. White Oak?

There’s no question that red and white oaks have significant differences, but what exactly does that mean? Why does it matter?

For one, the lifespan of these two species can say a lot about longevity, their prime, and what to expect from each species.

White oaks as individual plants live for around five hundred to six hundred years. 

Lake Forest College research shows that red oaks, while similar in lifespan, do have a timeline that is cut a bit shorter than that of their white oak counterparts. Red oaks live about three hundred to five hundred years. 

So, we can see that the lower end of the typical lifespan of a white oak corresponds to the higher end of that of the red oak species. 

While let’s face it, that many hundreds of years are still almost longer than we may be able to comprehend, there is a good deal of variety within what that looks like between red and white oaks.

If you’re interested in learning how long oak trees live, you can view our guide and data of the full lifespan for each common oak tree here.

How Quickly Does An Oak Tree Grow?

Okay, now let’s talk about annual growth. White oaks grow incredibly slow at a rate of about 12 to 24 inches per year, which is relatively slow in relation to other trees of a similar caliber. 

Red oaks are pretty similar in this regard. Thanks to research from the Nebraska Forest Service, we see that red oak trees grow at a rate of about 18 to 24 inches per year. On average, this happens just a little more quickly than the typical white oak.

Physical Characteristics of Red & White Oak Trees

One of the most identifiable traits of difference between white oak trees and red oak trees is, naturally, their physical traits. Most commonly, this includes their various bark, leaf, and color differences.

If you’re interested, you can read our guide with the pros and cons of the best oak trees to plant here.

Bark Color

Bark color provides the most noticeable difference between red and white oak trees and is KEY to identifying the difference between each.

Red Oak Tree Bark Color

When trees are still young and trunks are thin, the bark is a smooth light grey. The winter sun causes this light color to be quite reflective, and the bark is surprisingly smooth before age has a chance to change its design. This can sometimes be seen on large branches of a mature tree. 

The bark of a red oak tree has a dark color that can only be described as red/grey/brown and has a scaly texture with thin, rounded ridges. Twigs end in a cluster of buds, and the red oak ends in reddish-brown twigs that display light-colored buds. 

As the bark ages, ridges develop and leave the trunk a mix of shiny grey with dark fissures coming through. On old trees, the bark deepens further to be a dark brown shade. In very aged trees, the very bottom portion of the trunk sports fissures that are deeper and ridges that are no longer the flat, even texture of a middle-aged tree. In old trees, there is a more pronounced texture and darker colors that range from dark grey to black. 

White Oak Tree Bark Color

The bark of a white oak tree is grey and tends to be divided into small, vertical blocks thanks to shallow fissures that run the length of the trunk. These thin, irregular flakes vary from light to a deeper, more ashen grey color.

Twigs are grey to purple in color, with buds that have blunt points. This is a bit unlike those of the red oak, which are a bit softer with more muted edges and coloring. 

Leaf Shape and Color

Below, we’re going to break down the leaf shape and color for red oak trees and the major differences for each. If you’re interested in learning the difference between oak and maple trees overall, you can read our piece on the major leaf and bark differences of oak and maple trees here.

Red Oak Tree Leaf Characteristics

These moderately shiny leaves have a wide variety of colors throughout the seasons; in the summer, they range from light to deep, dark green, and then shift to gold or crimson as the summer creeps on.

The leaf of a red oak tree is smooth, almost shiny. As deciduous trees, they have some irregular bristle-tipped teeth. They, on average, are about 4 to 10 inches long and 3 to 6 inches wide.

In the fall months, the leaves of a red oak continue to deepen to either a vibrant orange or an even deeper crimson. In the fall, these leaves can be bright red, maroon, crimson, golden-yellow, yellow-brown, or a mix of color even darker but just as stunning.

White Oak Tree Leaf Characteristics

White oaks have leaves that range from 5 to 9 inches long, while their width is smaller at 2 to 4 inches. Instead of more jagged, bristled points, they have blunt-ended ones that vary in size and shape based on the location and other trees around. 

The leaves are pretty thick and may not fall from the tree throughout the winter months, unlike those of the red oak. They will fall off eventually but do tend to last longer and provide a very picturesque contrast of bright white against a deep reddish-brown color.

Best Oak Tree Hardiness Zone

Do you ever find yourself wondering what exactly the best growing zone for an oak tree is? Have you wondered if that differs between red and white oaks? Well, we are certainly glad that you’ve kept reading this far because this one’s for you!

First, what on earth is a hardiness zone? 

The USDA defines different hardiness zones across the country, which can be found on a map here. Oak trees fall into the lower number range, which means that they are hardier trees. Okay… and?

Well, this means that these trees can do well in lower temperatures. 

The way that the USDA hardiness zones work is that each zone represents a range of 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The zones are then divided into letters A and B. They break down the 10-degree temperature range in half, the lower 5 degrees of the range and the higher. 

For example, zone 5 represents minimum temperatures in the range of -10 to -20 F. SO, subzone 5a would be referring to temperatures of -10 to -15 F, and subzone 5b refers to -15 to -20 F.

Does that make sense? If you aren’t quite there, we get it. This is a lot of letters and numbers to think about. So, we are going to explain a little more. 

A hardiness zone deals with the information on what types of plants can survive certain climate conditions, including the ability to survive in a given minimum temperature range. Queue our hardiness, or growing, zones! 

Hardiness is a measure of how well a plant will survive cold temperatures; the USDA zones cover the basics of these temperatures and predictions but, like most systems, cannot account for every factor. 

Precipitation, elevation, and freeze dates are some things that get overlooked in this system. It is, however, the standard, and so, therefore, we are explaining in those terms.

Now, does that make more sense? Let’s talk about what hardiness zones our oak trees fall into. Spoiler alert, this is one of the biggest similarities between these two species.

Also, if you’re thinking about planting an oak tree in your backyard, refer to the hardiness guide and check out our piece on planting oak trees in your backyard. 

Best Red Oak Tree Hardiness Zone

The Ohio Department of Natural Resources tells us that red oak trees thrive in partial to full sun and can be found in USDA hardiness zones 3 to 7. Generally, temperatures from 10 to -30 Fahrenheit are going to be survivable when it comes to red oak.

Red oak trees generally can survive up to USDA hardiness zone 8. Red oak trees can live anywhere from 300-500 years and can reach a full height of up to 140ft. Annually, red oak trees can grow up to 24in per year.

White Oak Tree Hardiness Zone

Now, here’s some interesting info for white oak trees.

White oaks range from zone 3b to zone 9b. Generally, varieties of white oak trees can survive in temperatures as low as 30 to -40 Fahrenheit. White oak trees can live anywhere from 500-600 years, grow up to 18in annually, and reach a full height of 80ft.

The reason for this range that we see for both types of oak is that some varieties of white oak may be a bit less hardy than others. Additionally, there are many factors to consider when looking at these zones. Temperature is not the only extenuating circumstance that could cause issues with a tree. 

Oak Tree Adaptability

Red and white oak trees are quite adaptable, but what kind of soil do they like, and where do they grow best? Well, let’s get to it!

Red Oak Tree Soil Preference

Red oaks can thrive in any soil. It doesn’t get much more adaptable than that, does it? 

Red oak trees prefer moist, deep soil that is rich and slightly acidic, but it can easily adapt to dry soils with neutral or even slightly alkaline pH.

White Oak Tree Soil Preference

One type of soil that white oaks do not thrive in is that which is shallow, too compact, or overused. 

White oak trees grow their very best in areas that have moist yet well-drained soils. However, like red oaks, they are adaptable to more adverse conditions thanks to their deep root system that allows them to tolerate drought as they mature. 

This species thrives in areas with slightly acidic, deep, rich soil where the sunlight beams and the water is not too abundant. 

How Tall Do Red and White Oak Trees Grow? 

Red and white oak trees can get pretty dang tall! Below, we’ve outlined a bit of a scenario for you regarding the natural growth of these oak trees.

Red Oak Tree 10 Year Height

At 10 years, the red oak tree is starting to get taller, so much so that it has now outgrown the people who planted it.

After 10 years, red oak trees are still quite young, but the trunk is getting a bit wider, and the height begins to make it look like a substantial tree. Red oak trees will be 15 to 20 feet tall at 10 years after first being planted.

White Oak Tree 10 Year Height

The white oak begins its first portion of life a bit more gently; following the red oak closely, a white oak tree will be 10 to 15 feet tall after 10 years of growth. Still taller than any person, it has not quite matured to the thickness or texture of a mature tree.

Red Oak Tree 25 Year Height

After 25 years, the red oak tree doubles and triples its size and will grow 35 to 40 feet tall. After 25 years, red oak trees will stand above a typical 2-story home and tower over people, younger trees, and most suburban architecture.

White Oak Tree 25 Year Height

At 25 years after being planted, a white oak tree will reach about 30 to 40 feet tall. At this point in its lifespan, the white oak tree is now a close competitor in the height category to the red oak.

Red Oak Tree 50 Year Height

50 years after the red oak tree was planted, it is about the height of a 4-story building, reaching 55 to 65 feet tall. 

White Oak Tree 50 Year Height

Did someone say a 4-story building after 50 years? Try a 5-story since the white oak is now generally taller for its age at 50 to 75 feet tall.

What is The Peak Height of an Oak Tree?

Overall, both red and oak trees have remarkable heights once fully grown. Here’s a peek at their full height below.

Red Oak Tree Peak Height

White oaks may have surpassed the red ones at the three 50 year mark, but let’s not forget that there are a ton of varieties of this species, and the northern red oak is one of them.

In many forests, red oak trees grow straight and tall, reaching a peak height of anywhere from 90 feet to an incredible 140 ft tall, while the trunk’s diameter reaches around 2 to 3 feet.

White Oak Tree Peak Height

The peak height of white oak can vary between the types of trees that fall under this title.

White oak trees often mature to something between 50 and 80 feet tall but are they are capable of growing upwards of 100 feet tall. 80 to 100 feet is a common range when we get to the ‘highest’ range of mature growth in this tree. In the individuals that grow to about 100 feet, the diameter of the trunk is going to be about 3 to 4 feet. 

These get HUGE.

That’s a Wrap!

Now that we know a little more about the major types of oak trees, how they grow, where they thrive, and what they can be expected to become in a few centuries, it’s clear that there is a lot to know about oaks.

Red and white oaks are similar trees but, at the end of the day, there are many differences that shape their identities as individual species. 

Keep in mind that white oaks tend to live a little longer, so if you’re worried about your descendants reaping the benefits of a specific tree you’ve planted, this might be the one for you. 

Red oaks, however, grow a little faster at 18-24 inches per year and can thrive in any type of soil. Now that is a combination of speed and adaptability that we can support.

Really, the choice is yours. What shade of bark or height do you want? What is a better option for your environment? The questions may be endless, but we hope this provides you with a good reference of what tree might just be the one for you.

Thanks for reading! Now, go plant a tree!!

References

Cook, E. R. (1985). A time series analysis approach to tree ring standardization (dendrochronology, forestry, dendroclimatology, autoregressive process). The University of Arizona.

LeBlanc, D. C., & Terrell, M. A. (2011). Comparison of growth–climate relationships between northern red oak and white oak across eastern North America. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 41(10), 1936-1947.

Dougherty, P. M., Teskey, R. O., Phelps, J. E., & Hinckley, T. M. (1979). Net photosynthesis and early growth trends of a dominant white oak (Quercus alba L.). Plant Physiology, 64(6), 930-935.

Tardif, J. C., & Conciatori, F. (2006). Influence of climate on tree rings and vessel features in red oak and white oak growing near their northern distribution limit, southwestern Quebec, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36(9), 2317-2330.

Lightning striking your oak tree can be a rather interesting experience. When it happens and lightning actually does strike your oak tree, there are a few reasons why, and several things you can do in order to save your oak tree.

Oak trees are taller than most trees and are more likely to get struck by lightning due to their height. If your oak is struck by lightning, you will need to water, fertilize, and trim dead branches off the tree. Lightning damage on your oak tree will split the tree and cause burnt, black marks.

Stick around and we will answer all your pressing questions, including how to care for an oak tree that has been struck!

Can An Oak Tree Survive A Lightning Strike?

In short, yes, it is possible. An oak tree can survive a lightning strike, though it is going to take some time and care to get the tree back to healthy standing.

It is possible that your oak tree may not survive the level of damage caused by a direct lightning strike. It all depends on factors such as the intensity of the strike, the height of the tree, and how the lightning impacts the tree itself.

So, while oak trees can survive a lightning strike, it is not always a sure bet that they will. 

​​For that reason, we are also going to help you learn some best practices to follow as you work to maintain your oak tree’s vitality after a lightning strike. There are things you can do, from preparing and learning about lightning to understanding maintenance practices following a lightning strike. 

To understand an oak tree’s reaction to being struck by lightning, it is important to first understand what lightning is. 

Just Why Does Lightning Strike Oak Trees?

Essentially, lightning is a discharge of electricity. Such electricity also happens to be the cause of the thunder we also associate with thunderstorms. Oak trees are conductors of lightning because they offer a tall location close to the clouds and are full of moisture and sap that are better at conducting energy than the air and shorter plants nearby.

According to the UCAR Center for Science Education, just one stroke of lightning can heat the air nearby up to around 54,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

So, when this discharge of electricity, which is extremely hot, contacts a conductor such as an oak tree, it causes quite the commotion. Understandably so!

Not only does this lightning strike cause damage to the oak tree, but there is also a very audible reaction that occurs, which we are going to explain next.

What Does It Sound Like When Lightning Hits An Oak Tree?

The extreme temperatures generated by a bolt of lightning (let us not forget it is fifty-four thousand degrees Fahrenheit in the air), creates the sound that accompanies a lightning strike connecting with a oak tree, which is quite fierce.

The sound, explained by the Library of Congress to be a giant shock wave, sounds much like an extremely loud bolt.

The heat of the air causes the air itself to expand faster than the speed of sound, which results in hearing thunder very close to you, hence the loud noise that comes with lightning striking a nearby oak tree.

When lightning and thunder are close together, you know a storm is close. As the time increases between seeing a bolt of lightning and hearing a clap of thunder, the lightning is getting further away from you because the sound is taking longer to travel.

How Can You Tell If Lighting Struck A Oak Tree?

Sometimes, it is not even apparent your oak tree has been struck by lightning until it rapidly declines.

In this situation, the electric current of the lightning would have run through the inside of the oak tree, using the sap and internal moisture as a conductor. Internal damage caused by a lightning strike may not be noticeable on immediate inspection, but causes severe damage to the oak tree itself.

Lightning damage may also be seen in a range of forms, when visible from the outside. Lightning scars, which are black, singed-looking streaks down the oak tree, and loss of bark are two mild signs of this phenomenon.

Other external signs might be much more immediately noticeable, like the oak tree’s bark may be stripped off. Due to the way lightning strikes usually hit, this appears as spiral-shaped peels.

The North Carolina Cooperative Extension even details that a tree struck by lightning might burst into flames and explode. So, there is every level of damage possible- from internal and severe to external and less damaging to external and very severe.

Now that you know what to look for to see if your oak tree may have been (or was) struck by lightning, let’s talk about the odds of this happening.

What Are the Chances Of An Oak Tree Getting Struck by Lightning?

While trees, namely oaks, are common targets of lightning strikes, there is not much available research about how often exactly this occurs. 

With about 100 lightning strikes hitting earth each second, your oak tree could be a conductor of lightning one of these days.

A piece from the University of Georgia proves it is difficult to pin down an exact probability, but that a tree’s topographic location, height, and relative proximity to other structures all play a large role in assessing the risk of it getting struck.

It is not as common for oak trees to die from a lightning strike, so keep it in mind as you consider this. Your tree has a chance of getting struck, but there are many potential outcomes.

What To Do When Lightning Strikes Your Oak Tree

It’s all well and good to know about what is involved in preparing for a natural catastrophe like this, from checking your insurance to knowing what to look for when you suspect your oak tree has been struck, but the after is also crucial.

If your oak tree has been struck by lightning, there are many steps you can take to ensure that, when possible, the oak tree recovers and can thrive once again. Trees, especially oaks, are resilient and adaptable. It is important to learn how to help them as they learn to rely on themselves again.

Luckily, there are plenty of ways to help your tree as long as it is not damaged beyond repair. Helping with the upkeep that it would usually take care of by itself is going to be one of the biggest factors when working to support your tree’s life force regeneration.

Make Sure Your Oak Tree Gets Enough Water

One of the biggest detriments to an oak tree being able to begin its self-healing process is when the tree does not have enough water. Lightning striking the tree works to pull some of the moisture content from the tree itself, both in its roots and the sap that runs through the tree.

Some of the biggest damages to an oak tree comes in the form of losing liquid. This also happens to be one of the biggest reasons the tree is struck by lightning in the first place. 

As we have mentioned, oak trees are great conductors of lightning because of their height in relation to both the ground below them and to other structures such as buildings, cars, and people. 

The other reason is oak trees are such a great conductor of this electric current, and it all has to do with the same sap and water that are pulled from the oak tree during the strike. The moisture of these things draws lightning to the tree because it offers a path of least resistance. 

So, watch out for the water your oak tree is getting as it works to heal. Its biggest life force attracted the destruction in the first place, so your tree deserves all the rehydration it can get!

In addition to water, it’s very important that your oak tree gets proper sunlight as well.

Add Fertilizer To Your Oak Tree

If you are not sure what else to do as you attempt to keep your oak tree alive, add fertilizer into the mix.

Using fertilizer, along with the water you should already give your oak extra of, will help give your oak tree the nutrients needed to see fresh growth and revitalization. 

While the sap and moisture were stripped from the oak tree, so were other important nutrients.

Along with this, lightning strikes zap the energy out of a oak tree, which makes healing and eventual new growth a challenging feat when the tree is left alone to undertake it. 

Fertilizer offers very important nutrients that help the oak tree rebuild energy to continue its journey back to being a solid, viable organism.

This Miracle-Gro Garden Soil for Trees and Shrubs will help you stimulate your tree as you work to get it to the next spring and hope to see new growth. Not only is this product highly affordable, so you don’t have to stress about a struggling tree and costs, but it is also fortified with important minerals like phosphorus and iron.

To learn more about using fertilizer for your oak tree, check out our article: 3 Best Oak Tree Fertilizers (and How to Use Them).

Trim Dead Branches Off Your Oak Tree

Help your oak tree, both literally and figuratively, lose the dead weight by trimming any dead or dying branches. This is best done in the winter months because it is going to help catalyze new, healthy growth the oak tree desperately needs to remain viable. 

Most oak trees struck by lightning just need to make it to the next spring. Though it is not 100% guaranteed, any trees able to survive a lightning strike and then survive well enough to bloom new buds will make it in the long run.

You can also regularly trim your oak tree to stimulate growth and take care of any dead branches at any time, whether or not your tree is healing. By practicing this healthy maintenance, you take some stress off of your oak tree and allow it to flourish!

You’ll want to trim your oak trees sooner than later after a lightning strike, but it’s always best to trim oak trees during the winter or early spring. You can learn more about best oak trimming practices in our article: Best Time To Trim Oak Trees + Trimming Calendar And Tips.

Monitor Your Oak Tree

Along with the common tactics you will follow to ensure your oak tree can get back on the right track, just checking in is an important aspect of the road to recovery. 

By regularly observing your oak tree, you will have an idea of its progress, whether it is improving (we hope!) or declining (an unfortunate possibility).

Keep in mind not every tree is salvageable after a lightning strike. Do not blame yourself if your oak tree looks healthier and then slips back into decline. Such is the nature of… well, nature.

Most oak trees live to be 100-150 years old, so adding these tips can help that process, especially when the tree is struck by lightning. To learn more about specific types of oak tree general lifespan, read our article: How Long Do Live Oak Trees Live? Lifespan for All Common Types.

Wrapping It Up!

Now that we’ve learned a little more about what lightning is, how it can affect an oak tree, signs lightning struck your tree, and how to save it, all that’s left is to hope this does not happen to your tree.

If lightning has struck your oak tree, remember to evaluate the status of your tree’s wellbeing, give it extra water and fertilizer, and trim any dead branches as it embarks on its process of recovery.

When an oak tree is struck by lightning, it might die. This is always a possibility, but not nearly as probable as one might expect. If you take care of your oak tree following the strike, there is a good chance it will return to at least a version of its healthy self. 

Caring for an oak tree after a lightning strike takes work, but it will be clear to see whether your tree appears to be improving. If you do not see any improvement, it may be time to consider removal. If improvement continues, there is an increased chance your tree will make a recovery.

We hope this has helped you understand why lightning is attracted to trees, why and how it can be so detrimental, and what to look for if you think your tree has been targeted by this event.

If your oak tree has or may have been struck by lightning, remember to take the steps:

• Help the oak tree rehydrate as much as possible
• Fertilize the soil around your oak tree to stimulate regrowth 
• Trim any dead branches to allow the oak tree’s energy to be focused on growing new buds
• Check your oak tree once in a while to see how its progress is going

For now, thank you for reading!

References

Defandorf, F. M. (1955). A tree from the viewpoint of lightning. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 45(11), 333-339.

Gora, E. M., Bitzer, P. M., Burchfield, J. C., Schnitzer, S. A., & Yanoviak, S. P. (2017). Effects of lightning on trees: A predictive model based on in situ electrical resistivity. Ecology and Evolution, 7(20), 8523-8534.

Taylor, A. R. (1965). Diameter of lightning as indicated by tree scars. Journal of Geophysical Research, 70(22), 5693-5694

Today we’re talking about the best time to trim oak trees. Did you know trimming oak trees at certain times can be detrimental to your tree?

Oak trees respond best to trimming in the winter and early spring. Dates between October 1st and April 1st will usually provide optimal oak tree trimming conditions. This is because the tree, and potentially damaging fungi, are dormant, making your oak tree less susceptible to damage and disease.

Read on to learn about the best time and season to trim your oak trees. Did you know that there’s an optimal time to trim your oak trees? We’ve got you covered with a trimming calendar and the best zones for growing oak trees.

Here are our tips on general oak tree tips and the best time to trim oak trees.

The Best Time To Trim Oak Trees

Oak trees are commonly found throughout the world in temperate regions and even some tropical regions. Oaks belong to the genus Quercus, which consists of 400 species and are both deciduous and evergreen.

Oaks contain tannic acid, which helps in protection from fungal diseases and insect infestations. Although oak trees contain tannic acid, they are susceptible to a variety of diseases caused by both fungus and insects.

Oak trees are extremely susceptible to a handful of diseases, including sudden oak death and oak wilt. Both of which kill oak trees quickly. To avoid this, trim oak trees when the trees are dormant. 

If you are looking for a new tree trimmer, the Greenworks 40V 8-inch Cordless Pole Saw is a fantastic option! It has a 20-inch steel blade and an automatic oiler for peak efficiency!

The best time to trim oak trees is in the winter and early spring, preferably after October 1st and before April 1st. When your oak tree is dormant, the tree is not actively growing. Pruning trees during this time will limit and prevent the spread of fungal and insect infestations. 

Similarly, during winter, fungi and insects are dormant, so it is significantly less likely to spread diseases during this time..

Common Oak Tree Diseases That Happen From Trimming

You would think tannic acid would prevent oak trees from getting most diseases, or at least protect them. However, this is not the case. 

Some of the most significant and fatal diseases to oak trees include sudden oak death, Phytophthora ramorum, and oak wilt, Bretziella fagacearum. Both sudden oak death and oak wilt are diseases caused by mold and fungus, despite tannic acid being present. 

Sudden oak death, Phytophthora ramorum, is a water mold, or an oomycete, meaning it produces a motile zoospore. Motile zoospores can move towards and away from certain chemicals, i.e. food source chemicals, specifically in plant material. 

According to the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, reports of sudden oak death began in 1995, and it is considered an invasive exotic species. Sudden oak death was first detected in San Francisco, California, and in Oregon, both of which have the exact climate this pathogen thrives in. 

This oak tree ailment can also affect over 75 different plant species, contributing to its spread. P. ramorum spreads through rain, contaminated irrigation or plants, and even contaminated soil. It creates calluses, also known as cankers, on the bark seeping black and red. 

Oak wilt, Bretziella fagacearum, is a fungal disease that rapidly kills thousands of oak trees every year. Unfortunately, oak wilt spreads to newly pruned trees in spring and summer. Fungal spores spread by attaching themselves to insects such as beetles that bore into the wood, and through firewood transportation by humans. 

Oak wilt can also be spread long distances via airborne spores and shorter distances via root systems beneath the ground. Oak wilt is a vascular wilt disease that prevents water from getting to the rest of the tree. 

As if this wasn’t bad enough, the fungus can overwinter on dead tissues on trees appearing in spring and summer, killing the tree within two months. 

Symptoms of oak will consist of exactly what the name states, wilting. Leaves may wilt and become discolored, resulting in defoliation, i.e., sudden leaf drop. There is currently no treatment for this disease, but arborists are working to conserve oak trees and limit the spread of this disease.

To learn more about all the common oak tree ailments, read our guide: What’s Wrong With My Oak Tree? 10 Most Common Oak Diseases.

Oak Tree Trimming Calendar By Name And Hardiness Zone

Tree Name	Best Time To Trim	Best Growing Zone
White oak, Quercus alba	Winter/Early Spring	3-9
Willow oak, Quercus phellos	Winter/Early Spring	5-9
Swamp white oak, Quercus bicolor	Winter/Early Spring	3-8
Northern pin oak, Quercus ellipsoidalis	Winter/Early Spring	4-7
Scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea	Winter/Early Spring	4-9
Bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa	Winter/Early Spring	3-8
Swamp chestnut oak, Quercus michauxii	Winter/Early Spring	5-9
Pin oak, Quercus palustris	Winter/Early Spring	4-8
English oak, Quercus robur	Winter/Early Spring	5-8
Red oak, Quercus rubra	Winter/Early Spring	4-8

Species Of Trimmable Oak Trees And Where They Grow

White Oak Tree, Quercus alba

The white oak is a deciduous oak found in zones 3-9 and is native along the east coast of the United States, found as far north as Maine and south to Florida, and as far west as Minnesota and Texas.

We typically use white oak trees for timber and flooring. This oak species grows from 50 to 80 feet tall and even as tall as 100 feet!

You can learn more about white oak trees in our article: 32 Incredible Facts About White Oak Trees.

Willow Oak Tree, Quercus phellos

The willow oak is also a deciduous oak found in zones 5-9. This oak tolerates poorly draining acidic soils, and covers from East Coast to Midwestern United States. The willow oak typically grows anywhere from 40 to 75 feet, along the bank of swamps, streams, or canals.

Swamp White Oak Tree, Quercus bicolor

Swamp white oak trees are deciduous oak trees found throughout zones 3-8. It needs acidic wet soil but is also drought tolerant. 

Swamp white oak trees also grow at a slow to average rate and are native as far north as Southern Canada to the Midwestern United States. The swamp white oak gets as large as 50 to 60 feet and grows along the banks of swamps, lowlands, floodplains, lakes, and valleys.

Northern Pin Oak Tree, Quercus ellipsoidalis

The northern pin oak is a low-maintenance oak tree found in zones 4-7. This oak reaches a height of 50 to 70 feet and is drought tolerant, growing well in acidic and well-draining soils. 

This oak is a medium-sized deciduous oak with elliptical green leaves. This oak species lives from Canada to the Midwestern United States in sandy upland woods.

Scarlet Oak Tree, Quercus coccinea

The scarlet oak grows in zones 4-9 within the eastern part of the United States and is native to Missouri. It tolerates drought conditions and black walnuts and grows to 70 feet tall. 

Bur Oak Tree, Quercus macrocarpa

Bur oaks are native to Missouri and grow in zones 3-8. Although it prefers moist loamy soils, it can also withstand a variety of soil conditions. 

Bur oak trees grow in stream valleys like the Ozark in Missouri and bottomland soils.. This species of oak grows to a height of 60 to 80 feet tall and gets its name from the ring of mossy burrs found around the acorn.

Swamp Chestnut Tree, Quercus michauxii

Swamp chestnut oaks grow mainly in the southeast of the United States, and zones 5-9. This species is native to swampy areas, floodplains, and lowland wooded areas. 

Swamp chestnut oak trees reach heights of 40 to 60 feet and were traditionally used as a timber tree in the 1800s. The people of this time used it in flooring, wagons and tools, as well as baskets.

Pin Oak Tree, Quercus palustris

The pin oak is a medium-sized deciduous tree that grows in zones 4-8. It grows well in medium to wet acidic loamy soil, but can also tolerate poorly draining soils. 

However, pin oaks do not do well in alkaline soils. Pin oak trees grow anywhere from 50-70 feet and thrive in the lowlands of the Midwest. Some people commonly use pin oak trees as landscape trees and along streets.

English Oak Tree, Quercus robur

According to Nazareth College Plant Biology, English oaks are native to Western Asia and Europe, but were introduced to North America in the 1600s and came to use as timber in England. These trees grow anywhere from 40 to 70 feet and grow easily in a variety of soils, typically growing best in zones 5-8.

Red Oak Tree, Quercus rubra

The red oak, also called the northern red oak, is a deciduous oak tree found in zones 4-8 and is native to Missouri. This species of oak tolerates drought conditions, black walnuts, as well as air pollution. This is a fast-growing oak tree that reaches a height of 50 to 75 feet tall.

You can learn more about the red oak tree in our piece: 29 Incredible Facts About Red Oak Trees

Hardiness Zones Where Oak Trees Grow

You will find oak trees throughout North America and grow in almost every zone. They are most common in temperate regions like the United States, but also grow in Mexico, Asia, Europe, and even Africa.

According to the University of Idaho College of Natural Resources, various oak tree varieties grow throughout zones 2-9. With over 400 oak tree species, you can find oak trees in almost every environment. Oak trees thrive in a variety of soils from acidic to alkaline and from clayey to sandy.

In these hardiness zones, there are specific varieties that can grow in sub ranges of the parent range described above which we’ll discuss below! While trimming in these zones is best during the winter/early spring season, you can learn more about the best time to plant oak trees in our article: The Best Time to Plant an Oak Tree (And How to Do it)

Common Uses Of Full Grown Oak Trees

Oak trees are famous for their incredibly sturdy and long-lasting wood. For more commercial goods like fence posts, cabinets and floors, we use red oak. White oak is a durable wood that is used in furniture, to make barrels, canoes, and fence posts. Oak is great for construction and woodcarving because of its durability. 

Oak flooring comes from red and white oaks and is the most common wood flooring that allures people with its tight-knit grain you can stain in an array of colors. Oak flooring is probably the most wide-known use of oak that gives a timeless look to homes.

Some oak species have also been used in natural pharmaceuticals because of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties from tannins found naturally in oak bark.

Historically, Native Americans used parts of the red oak and white oak to treat ailments and wounds. The oak tree is also sacred and used in ceremonies in certain Native American cultures. 

Acorns have been used to create flour, soups, and other types of foods. In traditional medicine, it has been used to treat hemorrhoids, diarrhea, ulcers, and wounds. Today, you can find oak bark sold over the counter as powders, teas, and liquid extracts.

Learn more about the uses of oak trees and what types are best for firewood here!

Best Time To Trim Oak Trees: In Conclusion

That’s all we have for today on the best time to trim oak trees, oak trimming calendar, and tips. If you have ever walked down a street with trees, gone for a hike, or hung out in a backyard, it’s a safe bet that you’ve seen an oak tree! Oak trees are widely beneficial to the ecosystem and provide us with a variety of things that are part of our everyday life.

To recap, here are the best times to trim oak trees, and a quick list of some tips: 

• The best time to trim or prune oak trees is in the winter when insects, fungus, and trees are dormant
• Oak trees are susceptible to devastating diseases like sudden oak death and oak wilt
• Oak trees grow in zones 2-9 throughout the world
• Oak trees can tolerate a variety of soils and environments
• We covered only 10 species of oak trees, but there are over 400 species of oak trees.
• We use oak trees for timber, construction, hardwood flooring, cabinets, and furniture. Traditional medicine and Native American cultures also find oak trees useful.

There you have it. Oak trees are incredibly durable yet simultaneously susceptible to rapidly spreading fungal diseases. They make up our deciduous forests and provide us with timber we use to build homes, furniture, and flooring. Next time you think about pruning your oak tree, refer to this article and keep in mind to only trim it in the winter!

If you’re finding that your oak tree has been affected by early trimming, read our guide: 10 Early Symptoms of a Dying Oak Tree: Prevention Guide

References:

Juice, S. M., Templer, P. H., Phillips, N. G., Ellison, A. M., & Pelini, S. L. (2016). Ecosystem warming increases sap flow rates of northern red oak trees. Ecosphere, 7(3), e01221.

Rose, Anita K., Cathryn H. Greenberg, and Todd M. Fearer. “Acorn production prediction models for five common oak species of the eastern United States.” The Journal of Wildlife Management 76.4 (2012): 750-758.

Taib, Mehdi et al. “Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Quercus Species.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM vol. 2020 1920683. 31 Jul. 2020, doi:10.1155/2020/1920683

Vettraino, A. M., et al. “Occurrence of Phytophthora species in oak stands in Italy and their association with declining oak trees.” Forest Pathology 32.1 (2002): 19-28.

Oak trees are one of the most popular trees in the world. Most commonly known for their height (often growing between 100 to 150 feet) and their adaptability, oaks are not immune to all threats. 

The most common oak tree diseases are oak leaf blister, armillaria root rot anthracnose, oak wilt, bacterial leaf scorch, powdery mildew, hypoxylon cankers, actinopelte leaf spot, mistletoe, and galls. In general, you can save your oak tree by nourishing your tree and removing affected branches.

So, what common issues should you look out for on your oak tree? We’re here to equip you with the best info to tackle the problem.  Keep on readin’ on!

What Kills Your Oak Trees?

In truth, oak trees, while some of the more disease resistant trees out there, can still be susceptible to a multitude of problems.

Oak tree saplings for instance, are more prone to problems than a full grown oak. However, full grown oaks can still develop problems during their lifespan.

Below is a chart of the most common oak tree diseases, how to fix them, and how severe the issue is.

If you’re interested, you can read our guide to the 10 early symptoms of a dying oak tree here.

Oak Leaf Blister

While most oak trees are susceptible to this fungus-based disease, it affects red and black oaks more severely. The level of severity is still low, regardless of the fact that some oaks are more susceptible than others. In cases of minor afflictions, little harm is caused to the oak tree and the symptoms may even be difficult to spot. 

Speaking of spots, this is what occurs when oak leaf blister is ranging toward the more severe end. The leaves begin to display patches that look like light green blisters, that turn brown and resemble a type of sap. These patches occur when fungus causes an overgrowth on affected leaves. 

Leaves with oak leaf blister grow faster than those without the tissue because the spores have more time to germinate during the winter freeze. The fungus typically lives in these spores before leaves have a chance to bud, and cause mayhem the moment that growth restarts in the spring.

Spores are spread, including those infected with fungus, in the fall months. This is a cyclical process that fungicides typically don’t have much control over. If you do try a fungicide, we suggest looking at this Natria’s Neem Oil Spray which works for both insects and fungi. You’ll want to apply this before the buds break in the spring. 

Armillaria Root Rot

Armillaria root rot is high severity issue for an oak tree, where everything from affected roots to entire trees need to be removed. 

You can expect to see a slow decline in the tree and, especially in wet weather, mushroom structures will appear around the base and roots of the tree. These mushrooms are a honey color that doesn’t look nearly as harmful as they really are- but now you know. This is not a fungus to be messed with.

Armillaria root rot can be most easily identified by the clusters of the mushrooms, but there are also other signs. Trees with this affliction will fight poor growth, have needles that are browning and leaves that are yellowing at incorrect times of the year, along with the possible overproduction of seeds and pinecones. 

Flat white sheets of fungal growth may also pair with thin black fungal strands that meet near the base of the trunk. The extra resin may be seeping from the tree, or the wood itself may be soft and stringy. 

The symptoms are endless- what we listed is just scratching the surface. This highly severe affliction not only will kill your oak tree, but it will make the process a long, messy one.  

So… how can you save your oak tree?

Reducing stress on your oak tree can help stop armillaria root rot. Mulching the soil that sits around the base of the tree to add nutrients and water trees, especially during a drought when stress is running high can help save your oak tree. 

Also, avoid wounding your trees. Wounds make trees more susceptible to getting armillaria root rot- so avoid that at all costs. Keep lawnmowers, darts, weed whackers, power tools, and other sharp tools away from your tree. 

Anthracnose

Anthracnose is not the most severe oak tree affliction on this list, but it should be a cause for concern. You’ll notice that your oak leaves may be turning a brown, rusty color along the veins along the foliage of your leaf. Typically, anthracnose is most prevalent during the fall to oak seasons.

If you want to avoid excessive pruning of affected branches, the worry that it will spread, or closely monitor your trees, it is time to nip this in the bud. 

If you are just planting your oak trees, space them far apart so that they have adequate access to fresh air and plenty of sunlight.

Additionally, when planting your oak tree, make sure you’re doing it at the correct time of year. You can read our guide on the best time to plant an oak tree here.

Chemical control is an option, but there are other ways to treat this issue if it does happen to arise in your tree. Pruning, sanitation, and monitoring are going to become the trifecta for you in your journey to manage this oak tree affliction.

Oak Wilt

This fungal affliction finds prominence in the Southeastern United States and may cause different symptoms in red oaks versus white oaks. 

Transmitted via fungal spores, or possibly one of the many varieties of bark beetles, oak wilt can cause quite the distruption to your trees.

Getting in to it, oak wilt affects red oak trees and white oak trees in very different ways.

In order to understand the sections below about oak wilt in red oak trees and white oak trees, you may want to read our guide on the key differences of red and white oak trees.

Red Oak Wilt

In red oaks, oak wilt manifests as a more severe and rapidly escalating issue.

Oak wilt in red oak trees is prevalent a few weeks from infection until symptoms appear, and the tree can perish in as little as a few months after that. Oak wilt in red oak trees is a much more severe process than their white oak counterparts will face.

At first, the leaves of your red oak tree will begin to wilt as a bronze color appears. This typically works its way from the edges of the tree, like small limbs and the ends of branches, before making it to the rest of the tree, such as the trunk. The leaves will begin to drop gradually as they simultaneously discolor. 

The oak wilt fungus continues to grow and it produces a sort of sticky layer underneath the bark of an infected tree that ranges from light grey to a tan color. With a strong, unpleasant smell, this layer may begin to split the bark as it expands and the tree perishes.

Most often, red oak trees never survive from oak wilt.

White Oak Wilt

White oaks display their resistance when it comes to oak wilt because they can live for years after the initial infection occurs.

Oak wilt in white oak trees can be managed in a variety of ways, from regulatory prevention to direct control using fungicides.

Bacterial Leaf Scorch 

Bacterial leaf scorch is an oak tree affliction that causes a halt in water, reddening, or yellowing of a tree that is followed by the browning of leaves. This loss of hardiness sees leaves drop eventually, leading up to passing of the tree as a whole. Symptoms most often appear after a summer drought, when water movement is already low.

Usually, bacterial leaf scorch is spread by tree-hopping insects. 

The severity is at a medium level due to the fact that regression is a gradual decline. This means that an oak tree could survive an additional 5 to 10 years after bacterial leaf scorch has been present until it needs to be removed. 

Bacterial leaf scorch is a less selective disease, affecting red, white, pin, bur, and shingle oaks, along with sycamore trees, maples, and other varieties.

To treat this bacterial leaf scorch, you will want to not only remove affected trees but replant resistant tree species in the same area to avoid another outbreak in the near future.

Look into insect control such as Organic Deet-Free Bug Repellent. Spray treatments are not currently available for the affliction itself, but controlling insects that may spread bacterial leaf scorch is a great first step. 

Powdery Mildew

In essence, powdery mildew is going to look like someone spilled some baby powder on the leaves of your tree, more than likely.

Powdery mildew is characterized by the way that many fungi combine to appear as a white dusting on the leaves of an infected tree. The Clemson Cooperative Extension tells us that this disease is not fatal, but can cause plant damage when the infection becomes severe. The severity level of powder mildew is medium.

White spots are only the first sign of powdery mildew on your oak tree, however. Other symptoms include leaf curling and discoloration, among other abnormal growths.

The powdery fungal growth is not even always visible on your oak. Though when it is, it tends to begin on the lower sections of the leaves. In severe cases, abnormal growth of the oak tree’s leaves will shift into yellow or brown colored leaves that are dried and may soon fall off the tree. 

Powdery mildew management can first be solved if you notice white spots or discoloration on just a few leaves. Simply removing these leaves may keep the fungus under control. 

If applicable, prune the dead branches as you pull off any dead leaves at the end of the growing season. This will help prevent powdery mildew from spanning into the next season, and the one after that, and so on.

Hypoxylon Canker

Hypoxylon cankers are common inhabitants of many varieties of oak trees, but only begin causing symptoms when trees are under stress. Much like canker sores that humans get- the bacteria and pathogens react to the stress the host organism is under and begin to take effect.

Thanks to Texas A&M’s Agrilife Extension, we know that symptoms of this hypoxylon canker manifest in a way that reflects that of most other declining trees.

From yellowing or browning leaves to reduced growth rates, thinning canopy and branches, and white stringy sap around the base, hypoxylon cankers aren’t great news. They also aren’t as severe as anthracnose or oak wilt in a red oak tree.

This is more of a medium concern when related to the other common oak tree threats we are discussing here today.

To control hypoxylon canker on your oak tree, eliminating stress (or reducing it at the very least) is going to be the best plan of action. Vertical mulching is a technique that ensures nutrients are properly added to the soil around a tree, enriching the roots and fortifying the tree against stress-fueled disease. 

Remedial pruning may also be your saving grace in this situation because you can remove the parts of the tree most affected by stress before the hypoxylon cankers spread to the rest of your oak tree. 

If all else fails, tree removal may be the way to go for you. This white-rot symptom quickly kills trees once it has spread, and may become a hazard to the vitality of other trees or even a safety hazard to people and pets. 

Actinopelte Leaf Spot 

Another affliction of medium severity, actinopelte is caused by fungus spores that last over the winter and are agitated by rain and wind in the spring months. Leaf spots will appear and may join together to form larger and more irregular blotches on the leaves. A dark, reddish-brown color makes green leaves look particularly sickly, and the more severely affected specimens will fall to the ground prematurely.

The management of actinopelte revolves around ideas of transplanting, minimizing stress, and properly fertilizing the area- all of which go hand-in-hand to create a better environment for an oak tree to flourish.

Mistletoe

Surely you’ve heard of mistletoe. I.E. ‘kiss me under…’, ‘ho ho the mistletoe’, you know, that sort of holiday tradition in the western world. Did you know that mistletoe is actually quite the parasitic pest? 

That’s right, mistletoe wraps itself around healthy oak trees and takes part of their water and minerals. The severity is low, however, because when it comes to food sources like chlorophyll, mistletoe handles that one on its own. Though mistletoe is not fully detrimental to trees, it still needs to be monitored.

To work on this problem, you’ll just need to cut off branches that are too tightly wound with this vine. Breaking off the tops of the mistletoe itself can also help.

Galls

These spots created by insects may simply make an oak tree look less appealing. However, they could also do enough harm to cause the oak tree to perish. Their severity level ranges from low to high for this reason: it is difficult to know what to expect when these little pests (gallmakers) join the party.

Galls are growths or swellings that are abnormal and most often caused by small wasps. One of the issues with these is that there is no way to cure galls on your oak tree fully. Once galls are on trees, they cannot be removed. 

Typically, galls cause aesthetic issues more than anything truly severe but in extreme cases, they can lead to the death of a tree. Often, the symptoms lie somewhere in the middle with severe leaf deformities or premature leaf drops.

Manage galls on your oak tree by simply removing and destroying fallen leaves that have been impacted by gall-makers. Prune or remove twigs that are sporting galls before holes have a chance to form, ensuring that this issue does not quickly spread. 

That’s All For Now!

Now that we know a little more about some common diseases and other threats to oak trees, it’s clear that these durable giants do have their limitations.

Ultimately, it helps to pick the right oak trees to plant from the get go. You can read our guide on the best oak trees to plant here.

If you want to keep your oak trees healthy and clear of threats, try using fungicides to prevent and eliminate these sorts of issues. You may also find that removing infected roots (and/or branches) works better than spraying, depending on what type of affliction your oak has, and at what stage you catch it.

We hope this helps you know what to expect, and have a better idea of how to tackle the problem!

References

Everitt, J. H., Escobar, D. E., Appel, D. N., Riggs, W. G., & Davis, M. R. (1999). Using airborne digital imagery for detecting oak wilt disease. Plant disease, 83(6), 502-505.

Juzwik, J., Appel, D. N., MacDonald, W. L., & Burks, S. (2011). Challenges and successes in managing oak wilt in the United States. Plant disease, 95(8), 888-900.

As you’ve probably realized at this point in your search, oak trees are a wide variety of organisms, and each species contains its own unique considerations. If you’re looking to learn how to grow your species of oak or where to buy it, this is for you.

Oak trees grow from a few inches to multiple feet a year. You can take advantage of this by finding out which species of oak grows best in your area’s soil and deciding to purchase a sapling from that species. Finding out where to buy the sapling from is the next step in this process.

But, before we get into the ‘who’s,’ the ‘what’s,’ and the ‘where’s,’ it’s best to know the ‘how.’ Learning about how oak saplings are grown is an important piece of information, so let’s dive in!

How Do You Grow Oak Saplings?

Thinking about the ‘how’ in this equation means figuring out what best practices you should be using while planting and sustaining your oak tree from a sapling to a mature tree. 

Oak saplings are simple to grow because they are adaptable and resilient plants. 

Growing an oak tree does not require too much effort, but you will want to think about some other factors as they grow, like protection and how far from your home you’ll want them to sit once they have matured into a huge entity. 

For now, let’s just talk about the first steps that matter when you are just starting out. Here are some of the common considerations that you should be aware of while growing an oak tree:

When Should Oak Saplings Be Planted?

The best time of year to plant an oak sapling is going to be during the spring months. Once we get past the point where the ground is frozen, whatever that looks like in your area is going to be the prime time to plant your oak sapling.

The best time to plant an oak tree sapling is in spring when the ground is no longer frozen, and there is plenty of moisture in the soil. The weather is not too hot yet, and there is plenty of time until the next winter season comes around and freezes the ground all over again. The fallen leaves in autumn will help to fertilize your sapling, and the nutrients in the soil will provide a great location for your oak to thrive.

Can you plant your tree in summer if you make the decision to start growing an oak, or is that too late in the year? 

Of course, you can!

In fact, oak trees can be planted as far along as the late summer or very early autumn months. Essentially, you would just want to be sure that you have enough time before the winter months really close in. If you plant a tree too late in the year, you run the risk of it freezing before it even has the chance to really settle in its soil.

You can read more about the best time to plant an oak tree here.

How Do You Plant An Oak Tree Sapling?

As is true for seedlings of other species, oak trees should begin their lives in a pot. Whether this is indoors or outdoors is ultimately up to the grower. 

You’ll want to transplant your sapling from the pot and into the ground, however. 

If you’ve planted your tree from a seedling (whether it is balled up or bare-root), you won’t want to keep it in a pot forever.

Once your tree is officially a sapling, at about 1-5 inches in diameter and 4-5 feet tall, a pot will no longer provide the right environment to sustain the oak tree. 

When you purchase a sapling, this should be one of your first steps upon bringing it home. You take the plant out of the pot and transplant it into the soil outdoors. 

This step should be done while the tree is dormant, but the ground is not frozen. This is best done in the mid-autumn months as the tree slips into dormancy, but the ground remains soft and malleable.

How do you know where you should be transplanting your sapling, though, you may be asking. Well, don’t sweat it. Just keep reading this next section!

How Far Should You Plant An Oak Tree From Your House?

Not only can trees extract water from the soil and cause foundation damage when too close to a house, but they can also cause other types of damage to buildings if they are planted too close to these structures. 

A general rule of thumb for any tree is that you plant between 15 and 20 feet away from structures like a house or office building. 

It won’t matter for quite some time, but in 20 years, when a root is cracking your foundation, or a branch breaks your window in a wind storm, you’ll wish you would have planted a bit further away.

You can read more about the potential damage oak trees can cause here.

So, take the time when you plant your oak tree to think about the placement. Not only should your tree be at least 15 feet from your house, but make sure this does not push it too close to your neighbors if your area is small. 

Also, you’ll want to double-check where any pipes are before planting because an accidental leak a few years down the road due to forgetting this small factor could end up being a huge pain.

Really just take some time to plan out what you want out of your tree and how you can best position it for both now and the future.

Oh, and make sure that you actually should plant an oak tree in your backyard.

How Long Do Oak Saplings Take To Grow?

So, this question is an important one because it brings up the fact that not all oak trees grow at the same rate. Frankly, some oaks grow rather quickly and appear mature much earlier than their counterparts, while others take their time and may look younger for longer. 

It is most typical for an oak tree to grow at a rate of about 2 feet per year in its first 10 years of growth. After that, as the tree has matured to a larger size, the rate of growth slows down. If it didn’t, we’d have trees touching the clouds!

Oaktree seedlings grow more slowly, in a similar way that mature trees do. Seedlings, the category that falls upon trees just younger and smaller than those deemed ‘saplings,’ typically reach 4-6 inches in their first year. 

Now, in relation to some species of oak like the bur oak that grows less than a foot per year, this is pretty similar. However, compared to the valley oak, whose growth rate gets up to 5 feet per year in its prime growing years, this is absolutely nothing.

Tree growth is relative to species, environment, and other external factors, but the average does come out to be about 2 feet per year.

If you’re interested, take a look at our data on how long it takes to grow common types of oak trees.

Oak Tree Annual Growth and Hardiness Zones

We know that it can be tricky to get started. How are you supposed to know what to research? So, we have compiled 16 of our favorite oak trees, their annual growing rates, and the USDA growing zone that they are best suited for. 

We know that it can be tricky to get started. How are you supposed to know what to research? So, we have compiled our favorite oak trees, their annual growth rates, and the USDA growing zone that they are best suited for. 

Where Can I Get An Oak Sapling?

Some local governments have guides for exactly this situation.

For a quick example, The North Carolina Tree Seedling Guide is the kind of place that you’ll be able to browse species lists and information if you happen to be a North Carolina local. 

I really like looking for state directory guides before making a purchase as the information they publish is consistent with what type of tree will thrive for the soil conditions of that state.

If not, there are plenty of other places you can find a list of local flora to purchase and grow. 

There are lots of oak tree saplings available for purchase at your local greenhouse or nursery, where you can browse the aisles while seeing the real plants in person and getting advice from trained professionals. 

If you are unable to visit a local spot, never fear! That’s why online options are available, too. 

Take this Valley Oak Live Tree Seedling (Medium), for example. Complete with instructions, a guarantee that they’ll send you a new seedling if something happens to your first one, and the assurance that this plant is pesticide-free, you’ve got it all. 

So, whether you decide to opt for an in-person experience or a one-stop shop, purchasing an oak tree sapling has never been easier. 

It all depends on what you are looking for. Do you want to inspect the sapling (or less-mature seedling) itself, or would you like to have someone else do the work of picking it out while you do the honors of planting and sustaining your new tree? 

Either option is a good one, and some people may buy a certain sapling in a nursery while opting to buy another online. There’s no ‘right’ way to do this!

How Much Does An Oak Sapling Cost?

So, the bread and butter question!

Typically, an oak tree is going to cost something between $10 and $200 when bought as a single sapling. Factors that affect the price include the size of the tree, whether it is 3-4 feet or a bit taller, the quantity that you are buying in, and where you decide to purchase from.

This is also something that may influence your decision about whether you’ll be buying your oak tree sapling from a private vendor, a chain nursery store, or a different online entity. 

The Forestry Commission has Price Guides for Tree Seedlings, among other things, and this can help to show just how different prices can be when saplings are bought in bulk.

All of that is to say; external factors play a large role in the cost of any trees of any species. This is something you should keep in mind while purchasing your oak, however, to keep it from being taken too off guard.

What Do I Do Once I Have My Oak Sapling?

Once you have done your research on which species is going to fare best in your yard, lot, or field, you’ll purchase your sapling (or a bunch of saplings) from the vendor of your choice. 

When you get your tree, we’ll want to turn back to those initial oak tree planting tips from the first part of this piece.

Planting and growing an oak tree are relatively simple processes. You just need to be prepared to plant before the ground is frozen and transplant in that time period, as well.

Other than remembering not to try to plant while the ground is frozen, you’ll want to protect your sapling as it works to mature in the best way that it knows how. 

Here are a few ways to do just that.

You can also read our guide on the best places to plant an oak tree here.

Let Leaves Fall

You may not have realized that raking your leaves actually does your tree and others around it a disservice. 

Part of the natural process that deciduous trees follow is this cycle of losing leaves for the winter. This cycle is not all about the loss of something, however, because fallen leaves act as the best natural fertilizer around! 

Even if you have to rake part of your leaves, let some of them go back to the soil that they came from. 

This is an easy way for you to save on fertilizers, not to mention the time and energy you’ll save raking those leaves- all for the benefit of the trees!

Protect The Trunk

Animals, lawnmowers, and other external forces can be quite dangerous to a young tree. 

Thankfully, there is a simple solution to this!

Try looking into something like this Smart Spring Plant and Tree Guard Protector that will give you peace of mind while giving your tree protection with the room to breathe (figuratively, of course.)

Products like this help ward off bugs, animals, and even vines. Oh, and when your neighbor accidentally gets a little too close for comfort to your sapling, you won’t have to worry quite as much!

Go On, Grow Your Own!

Well, that’s all we’ve got for now.

Remember that oak trees contain a wide range of species that all do well in different conditions.

It might be frustrating to feel like you don’t know which tree is best to plant from a sapling or where the perfect location is, but knowing how these trees work is the first step of success!

Just keep in mind that you’ll want to ask about the species name, grow time, and growing zones before you commit to a tree for… well, the rest of your life. If that sounds bold, at least consider it for the next few years as your tree begins to mature and helps your house feel like a home. 

Thank you for taking the time to learn more about oak tree saplings!

I hope this article helps you as you embark on your oak tree journey.

References

Andersson, M., Milberg, P., & Bergman, K. O. (2011). Low pre-death growth rates of oak (Quercus robur L.)—Is oak death a long-term process induced by dry years?. Annals of Forest Science, 68(1), 159-168.

Lawson, M., & O’Callaghan, D. (1995). A critical analysis of the role of trees in damage to low rise buildings. Journal of Arboriculture, 21, 90-90.

Identifying plants by their characteristics is a complex and highly technical task. It takes lots of plant knowledge and the ability to do research and readings on different plant characteristics. Oak trees, however, can be primarily identified by their leaves.

Most oak trees have large lobed leaves with pointed tips or bristles near the ends. On average, most oak tree leaves range from 4-8 inches in length. This, however, is not a universal rule. The biggest oak tree leaf on record was found in Livingston, Alabama, and reported to be 15.63 inches wide.

Read on to learn more about what affects oak leaves, how an average oak leaf should look, and some unique characteristics of specific oak leaf species. 

Average Leaves

As mentioned, the average oak leaf ranges from 4 to 8 inches in length. In addition to this, they all have a unique characteristic similar among their leaves: round scalloped edges.

Oak trees are also considered deciduous, meaning that they will drop their leaves during a certain time of year (usually fall/winter).

During the growing parts of the year (spring/summer), oak leaves are usually green in color while being tightly packed on their tree. During fall and winter, however, oak leaves tend to degrade, becoming a range of fall colors (orange, yellow, red, etc.). Soon after they change color, they usually fall off to the ground, leaving a bare tree to stand through winter. 

World Record Oak Tree Leaf

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the largest oak leaf ever found was 15.63 inches (roughly 39.7 centimeters) wide. Compared to the average oak leaf’s size, this is massive! It was supposedly found in Livingston, Alabama, USA.

With exception to any possible discoveries in early history (or before wide documentation starting in the 1800s-1900s), the largest leaf was found in 2020.

What Impacts Oak Leaf Size? 

There are many factors that can directly impact leaf size. Most of these factors work by limiting the physical ability of leaves/trees to grow, meaning they are defined truly as limiting factors. Some of these factors include light, water, nutrients, area, climate, etc. 

It is important to know these factors and how they can affect tree/leaf growth, as sometimes leaves from the same oak species can appear very different depending on how these factors are affecting them. 

Light 

Light is one of the most important factors for any plant’s growth. It is so important that scientists have even found that plants will orient their leaves/new growth towards the sunlight in order to maximize the amount of photosynthesis possible. 

In general, light affects tree leaf growth by limiting the amount of energy the plant has. With this, low light conditions can result in weaker, smaller, and yellower-looking leaves, especially on larger organisms such as oak trees. 

To assess the light in an area, simply look above the canopy. If the tree you are looking at is in a shady area, is being choked by vines, or is below larger canopy trees, light may be extremely limiting the size of leaves it creates (meaning your tree’s leaves will look smaller than the average for its species.) 

Water

Water plays an important role in transporting nutrients in the plant and keeping leaves and vascular tissue plump and happy. You can assess water by simply looking in the area, seeing if it rains consistently, or seeing if there is vegetation that holds in water, such as moss. 

Without enough water, leaves evaporate their fluids more than they are taking in, causing a multitude of problems. First off, this can cause leaves to get dry and crack/fall off the tree. This means if your tree has falling leaves in spring/summer, water may be affecting its growth. 

In addition, hot climates can also pose a risk, as dehydrated leaves can be easily burnt, leaving dry, block/brown edges on your leaves. 

Nutrients

Nutrients are fairly important; however, in nature, it is not often a problem. Plants need many nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. Not enough nutrients can cause deficiencies, which lead to a swath of problems such as yellowing leaves, browning leaves, drooping leaves, etc.

Your tree may actually be lacking nutrients; if it is, you should genuinely look into getting the proper oak tree fertilizer.

Climate

Climate plays a lesser role in oak leaf size; however, it is still good to mention. Climate refers to the common weather patterns in an area (usually over time).

To start, if an area has frequent heavy storms, that can limit a tree’s leaf growth by causing it to stress or even snapping off branches with new leaves.

In addition to this, if an area is abnormally cold/hot for a long period of time, it can also cause leaf stress and stunting, heavily impacting the growth of the tree in the long run. 

If you’re interested, you can read more about the ways that trees survive the winter here.

Sunlight & Environment

As touched upon earlier, the area can play a large part in the health and growth of your oak leaves. Factors such as sunlight, other plants, air, etc., all play a large role in oak leaf size.

Leaf Identification Guide 

Listed below is a brief (not comprehensive) guide to common oak species in America. Each entry contains the common appearance of the leaves and some facts to help you identify them in the wild!

Maple Leaf Oak Tree Leaves

The Maple Leaf Oak Tree is a very common oak variety, creating leaves that follow the average person’s picturesque idea of fall.

To better describe the leaves, most Maple Leaf Oak Leaves are green (then eventually dark yellow/brown), 4-6 inches in length, and have 5-7 broad lobes with bristled tips. 

Arkansas Oak Tree Leaves

The Arkansas Oak Tree is another unique oak tree, having leaves that are not similar to most other kinds in its species.

The Arkansas Oak grows commonly in specific (U.S.) southern locations, such as Arkansas, Louisiana, Georgia, Florida, etc. 

As mentioned, Arkansas Oak leaves are not very similar to many other oaks. Their leaves are often 2-6 inches in length and are dark green in color. The uncommon part about these leaves is that they have a large rounded shape, with no distinct lobing as seen in other oaks.

This causes the leaves to have a smaller end (attached to the stem/petiole) and a larger end (sticking out from the tree itself). 

White Oak Tree Leaves

The white oak has unique leaves, and it can often go by a few other common names, such as Eastern White Oak, Stave Oak, or Fork-Leaved White Oak. This tree is found all throughout the Eastern portions of the United States and Canada. 

As for the leaves of the white oak, they are usually light dusty green with soft scalloping/lobing along the edges. Due to the color and shape of these oak leaves, a great way to identify them is that they look extremely similar (yet are larger in size) to arugula leaves. 

The bark tends to be light gray/white in color, with plenty of striations.

If you’re interested in learning more, take a peak at our full list of white oak tree facts here.

Willow Oak Tree Leaves

Similar to the Arkansas Oak, the willow oak’s leaves are fairly unique to themselves. Willow Oaks has plenty of common names, such as the Pin Oak, Peach Oak, Black Oak, And Swamp Willow Oak (among others). 

Willow oak leaves are distinctly dark (yet sometimes slightly light) green in color. They have smooth features with no lobing like in other oaks. They grow 2-4 inches on average and have a very distinct lance (long/pointy) shape, almost like an outline of a longsword.

Generally, willow oaks are found in the coastal plains as well as Georgia.

Water Oak Tree Leaves

As seen in the name, the water oak prefers land that is commonly moist (often in wet lowlands so that water accumulates and stays.)

Water oak leaves have two main portions: a large portion that has slight (usually 3) lobings and a skinnier portion that connects to the stem/petiole. These leaves also tend to pack tightly together on the tree, making large masses of leaves as compared to other oaks. 

With this, the water oak can be commonly found in many Southeast states, such as Louisiana, Florida, Arkansas, and Georgia.

Chestnut Oak Tree Leaves

The Chestnut Oak (or Rock Chestnut Oak, Rock Oak, or Tanbar Oak) prefers dryer, sandier soils as compared to other oaks. This leads to it having the name “rock/mountain oak,” as that is where you can often find them.

Due to their simplicity and common characteristics, Chestnut Oak leaves can often be mistaken for many other tree species, such as alder leaves. The leaves have a basic shape (tapered bottom, wider middle, etc.), basic green color, and have large and wide serrations on the side.

In addition to this, there is even and symmetrical veining on both sides of the leaf, making it very easy to identify in the wild. 

Chestnut oaks can be commonly found in the Eastern (Northeastern) portions of the U.S., as well as some Southeastern portions of Canada such as Ontario. 

Mohr Oak Tree Leaves

The Mohr oak has a few other common names, such as the Shin Oak or the Scrub Oak. This oak actually prefers limestone heavy soils in areas such as Texas, Arkansas, New Mexico, etc. 

The Mohr oak produces clusters of fairly simple, broad-shaped leaves (similar to the design of a medieval shield). They often have a prominent central vein (often a light yellow in color) and are a smooth, dark green (sometimes dusty) along the whole surface of the leaf.

A common comparison to the Mohr Oak’s leaves is that of a Laurel Bay Leaf Tree. 

Dwarf Live Oak Tree Leaves

The dwarf’s oak is most likely easily identified due to its nature of growth (not through any specific leaf characteristics).

The Dwarf Live Oak’s leaves have a larger portion (farther from the stem) and a skinnier portion attached to the stem. With this, the larger end often has some scalloping (although depending on the tree/source you look at, this scalloping can be very prominent or hard to see at all). 

The Dwarf Live Oak tree grows in a short, shrub-like manner, forming large thickets of straight stems. They prefer sandy soils in pine and scrub forests, as seen in the lower Southeast America (Florida, Georgia, etc.). 

Swamp Chestnut Oak Tree Leaves

The Swamp Chestnut Oak (also known as the Cow Oak or Basket Oak) thrives in many conditions, from moist soils to well-draining soils. This means that it can be commonly found in most of Southern/Eastern America, in states such as Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Arkansas, etc. 

The leaves of the Swamp Chestnut Oak Tree have a very basic leaf shape (somewhat larger in the middle, heavily tapering towards the stem). The whole of the leaf is usually dark green in color, with a slight yellow tinge along the central vein.

In addition to this, the leaf usually has wide/sharply serrated edges along the whole length. 

Blackjack Oak Tree Leaves

The Blackjack Oak is often found in poor, sandy/clay-heavy soils. This means that it can be commonly found in many U.S. states such as Louisianna, Texas, Florida, Oklahoma, etc. 

The leaves of Blackjack Oak trees are fairly unique in nature, having a smaller portion attached to the stem and a very wide portion distal to the stem. The wider portion usually has distinct lobing/scalloping along the top, making the leaf easy to identify. 

The leaves are usually very dark green in color and are thick, leathery, and waxy nature. 

Southern Red Oak Tree Leaves

The Southern Red Oak (also known as the Spanish Oak, Swamp Red Oak, Water Oak, and Turkey-Foot Oak) prefers dry sites that are sandy, clay-heavy, or loamy. This means it can commonly be found in locations such as northern Florida, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Texas, Georgia, Etc.

Similar to its common name, “Turkey-Foot Oak,” The Southern Red Oak has unique leaves, making it fairly simple to identity in the wild. The leaves are usually very thin and delicate in nature and are often light green in color. 

Most Southern Red Oak leaves have 3 main forks, creating the general shape of a turkey’s foot. In addition to this, the end of each fork often has its own sharp loving/scalloping, making the leaf easy to identify for the beginner outdoorsman.

If you’d like to learn more about Red Oak Trees, take a look at our full list of Red Oak Tree facts here.

Northern Pin Oak Tree Leaves

Unlike most of the oak trees on this list, this oak tends to grow in more northern locations, such as Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, etc. It usually prefers dry, sandy soils in the boreal region, often being associated with other trees such as oaks, hickories, aspens, etc. 

The Northern Pin Oak’s leaves look almost similar to that of a holly tree. They are slightly waxy, dark green, and have signature large serrations/lobing along the edges. 

Chapman Oak Tree Leaves

The Chapman Oak is sometimes described as a semi-evergreen shrub, as it has the ability to keep its leaves in certain locations. It prefers pine/oak forests and scrublands in locations such as Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Etc. 

The leaves of the Chapman Oak are fairly simple, having a wider portion on the distal end and a skinner portion near the stem. In addition to this, they have little-to-no lobing/scalloping and are dark green in color. 

That’s A Wrap!

In the end, most leaves tend to be 4-8 inches in length on most oak tree species. This, however, can heavily differ depending on the species of tree or even the individual within the species.

There are many outliers to this, however, such as the world record leaf, which had a whopping width of over 15 inches!

There are a few main factors that impact leaf size, such as nutrients, water, light, location, climate, etc. These factors work by limiting the physical ability of a tree to grow. Understanding these factors is important in influencing the growth of your oak tree or simply in identifying a tree in a given area (while it is being affected by these conditions.) 

There are countless oak tree species, each with its own individual tree size/shape and leaf size/characteristics. Using some of the tips and descriptions are given here can help in your identification process; however, it is always good to use multiple sources when identifying trees in the wild!  

References:

And, C. D., & Rambal, S. (1995). Field study of leaf photosynthetic performance by a Mediterranean deciduous oak tree (Quercus pubescens) during a severe summer drought. New Phytologist, 131(2), 159-167.

Alexander, H. D., & Arthur, M. A. (2014). Increasing red maple leaf litter alters decomposition rates and nitrogen cycling in historically oak-dominated forests of the eastern U.S. Ecosystems, 17(8), 1371-1383.

Jorge, I., Navarro, R.M., Lenz, C., Ariza, D. and Jorrín, J. (2006), Variation in the holm oak leaf proteome at different plant developmental stages, between provenances and in response to drought stress. Proteomics, 6: S207-S214.

If you are planning your landscape and are looking for a beautiful talking piece, you may be considering an oak tree. Good choice. These trees are stately and provide plenty of shade, but how fast do they grow and when can you expect shade?

In truth, some of the quickest growing oak trees include the Japanese Evergreen Oak, Nuttall Oak, Southern Live Oak, and Valley Oak, all of which can grow up to 36 inches per year. Healthy oak trees can live anywhere from 100-600 years and reach heights of over 100ft, depending on the species.

We’ll walk you through 12 of the fastest-growing oak trees and give you some insight into what the best conditions are to grow each tree. Let’s get to it!

Are Oak Trees Fast Growers?

Before we get ahead of ourselves, let’s answer the obvious question: are oak trees fast growers? We know that there are different types of oak trees, and some grow faster than others, but what about compared to a maple or aspen tree?

Compared to other species of trees, oak trees are considered slow-growers. Some species of Poplar, for example, can grow up to 8 feet in a single year. Willows, Aspen, and Maple trees are all faster-growing trees than the mighty oak.

But that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t plant them! Oak trees, though slow-growing, will provide you (and most likely your children and grandchildren) with years of shade, beauty, and wildlife habitat.

The 12 Fastest-Growing Oak Trees

So, you’ve decided to plant an oak tree and you’re wondering how long it’ll take to grow? When will you have shade? How big will it get?

We got you covered!

Here’s a chart of the 12 fastest growing oak trees, and how tall you can expect them to grow. Be sure to check out which zones each oak tree will perform the best in so you can plant a tree that will last for many years, if not centuries.

*growth may vary based on conditions

Let’s take a closer look at each of these fast-growing oaks and see which one might be best suited for your yard, park, or space.

Quick side note, if you’re interested, you can view our piece on how long oak trees live here.

Japanese Evergreen Oak

Our first fast-growing oak tree is not native to North America, as the name suggests. It has an impressive lifespan that can stretch through millennia.

The Japanese Everygreen Oak can grow up to 36 inches per year but only reaches about 30 feet at its full height. So, although it is a fast grower, it will only grow for about 10-20 years before reaching its full height.

This particular oak is great for smaller yards. It still provides plenty of shade, branching out with a spread of up to 20 feet. Don’t expect too many compliments on your Japanese Evergreen Oak. It’s not the showiest of the oaks, and will not change colors in the fall.

Southern Live Oak

The southern live oak is an iconic tree in many of the southern states of the U.S. It grows just as wide, and in some cases wider, than it grows tall. If you’ve ever seen those iconic droopy-branched trees with beautiful Spanish moss hanging from them, you’ve probably spotted a Southern Live Oak.

Southern Live Oaks typically grow between 24 and 36 inches per year, making them one of the faster-growing oak trees. They grow to a height of about 50 feet, sometimes reaching 80 feet, but the most impressive thing about the Southern Live Oak is its spread! This tree can reach up to 120 feet wide!

Talk about a shade tree, right?

Southern Live Oaks need lots of space to grow. As they grow older, roots can grow close to the surface and impact sidewalks and roads. They are pretty tolerant of most conditions, including drought. They are also resistant to tree disease and pests.

Valley Oak

The Valley Oak, also called the California White Oak, is native to California. It is a large oak tree considered one of the faster growing oaks. Like many oaks, it measures its lifespan in centuries.

This impressive tree grows between 24 and 36 inches per year and can reach a height of up to 130 feet. Its impressive height is paired with a canopy spread of about 50 feet, making it an excellent shade tree. With time, its branches can even spread far enough to touch the ground.

Valley Oaks prefer full sun conditions and need an area greater than 10’ to grow properly. According to the University of North Carolina, Valley Oaks can have a trunk up to 10 feet in diameter!

Nuttall Oak

Unlike the Southern Live Oak and Valley Oak, the Nuttall Oak grows more upright and provides a little less shade due to a smaller spread.

The Nuttall Oak grows between 24 and 36 inches per year and reaches heights of about 40-60 feet. It’s a favorite of tree nurseries because it is easy to transplant and one of the fastest-growing oaks while young.

Another great characteristic of the Nuttall oak is its tolerance for a variety of soil conditions. Poorly drained soils and varying PH conditions are no hindrance to this tough oak.

Southern Red Oak

Not to be confused with the Southern Live Oak, the Southern Red Oak is an impressive, fast-growing oak tree that is sometimes referred to as Spanish Oak.

The Southern Red Oak grows anywhere from 12 to 36 inches per year, reaching heights of 60 to 80 feet. It has an impressive lifespan of about 150 years and is an excellent shade tree with a spread of up to 70 feet.

Besides providing plenty of shade, the Southern Red Oak is pretty resistant to diseases and pests that plague other oak types. It grows best in full sun and well-drained soil, so long as it is not clay. You don’t have to worry too much about branches breaking off, but the acorns will litter your yard and attract critters (but maybe you’re okay with that!).

Water Oak

Despite its name, the water oak does not require wet conditions to thrive, though it does love growing alongside streams and near water sources. It is native to the southeast but is found throughout much of the United States from Washington to New Jersey.

The water oak typically grows about two feet per year, reaching a full height of 100 feet. It is a shorter-lived tree with a lifespan of 60 to 80 years. This majestic tree can have a spread of up to 70 feet, providing plenty of shade.

If you’ve ever thought about what a typical acorn looks like, you’re probably picturing the acorns from a water oak: Dark brown in color with a ridged brown cap. Water Oaks are great to have around in the fall as they will change to a bright yellow once the seasons start changing.

Pin Oak

Pin oaks are one of the most commonly seen trees around human populations. They’re often used in parks and along streets, as parking lot islands, and planted in yards. Why are these trees so popular?

With a pyramid shape, little upkeep requirements, and beautiful fall colors, the Pin Oak is a very popular tree! The roots have little potential for problems and even in the wintertime, this tree is pretty to look at.

The Pin Oak grows about 24 inches per year and reaches a full height of 60 to 70 feet. It provides decent shade, having a spread of up to 40 feet, but has the potential for branches to break off.

Pin Oaks provide food for squirrels, deer, and other mammals in the form of their acorns. This is one of the reasons why they make such good trees for parks.

Coast Live Oak

Coast Live Oak, California Live Oak, and Encina are all the same tree here. This tree is similar in shape and appearance to the southern live oak as it has a massive trunk and the branches spread out enough to touch the ground in some instances.

The Coast Live Oak grows about two feet per year and reaches a full height of around 70 feet. It’s a long-lived oak, its lifespan numbering two centuries on average. It has an impressive spread of up to 70 feet.

This admirable tree provides food and shelter for birds, squirrels, and other tree-using animals. It is an important tree in California, its native home, but is susceptible to some of the more serious tree diseases such as sudden oak death.

Canyon Live Oak

As the name suggests, canyon live oaks are found in high-elevation, mountainous regions. Its home range includes the west coast from Oregon down to Arizona. This little tree can survive at altitudes of up to 9,000 feet!

Canyon Live Oaks grow about two feet per year and reach a full height of up to 100 feet. More often than not these trees only reach heights of 20 to 60 feet. They’re typically as wide as they are tall and can appear more shrub than tree in some cases.

These hardy trees thrive in several different soil conditions, making them attractive to many homeowners in drought-ridden areas such as California. They’re quaint little trees that can provide food and shelter for wildlife as well.

Laurel Oak

Native to the southeast and eastern Texas, the Laurel Oak is a tall, proud, and fast-growing oak. It’s not quite as showy as the Pin Oak in the fall, but its leaves do change color.

Laurel Oaks grow up to two feet per year and reach a full height of up to 100 feet. For its height, it has a smaller spread than expected of up to 45 feet. It is another short-lived oak with a lifespan of 50-70 years.

These trees have more of the picturesque acorns that attract squirrels, deer, and other wildlife. Unfortunately, the branches are susceptible to breaking, so be careful if you decide to plant these next to your house or outbuildings.

Red Oak

Red Oaks are one of the prettiest oak trees to see in the fall, with vibrant reds, oranges, and browns. But trees aren’t all about looks, right? Red oaks also thrive in a variety of conditions but tend to prefer moist and well-drained soil.

These mighty trees grow up to two feet per year and reach a full height of up to 140 feet. They can live up to 500 years, providing generations with shade and wildlife viewing. Red Oaks are one of the easier trees to transplant, making them a favorite in tree nurseries.

Willow Oak

The final fast-growing oak on our list is the Willow Oak. It’s one of the most stately of the oaks and is a prized landscape piece for its ornamental value.

Willow Oaks grow between 13 and 24 inches per year. It’s one of the shorter oaks, reaching a full height of up to 60 feet. It can live for up to a century and has beautiful fall colors of yellow and red.

Willow Oaks make great shade trees and are very attractive to birds and small animals. They’re also easy to transplant and require little upkeep. So sit back, relax, and enjoy this majestic tree!

What Is The Best Oak Tree To Plant?

If you’re set on planting an oak tree, you’re making a great choice. Oak trees are strong, stately trees that grow to last. They provide plenty of shade on a hot summer day to both you and the wildlife that depend on them for food and shelter.

Although oak trees are slow growers, they are typically easy to care for and can be a family project that will stay a part of the property for generations to come.

So, which oak tree is the best? Which one should you plant?

This question is a little difficult to answer because there are so many different types of oak trees, each with its own unique qualities. To get right down to it, you’ll need to ask yourself a few questions:

If you’re interested in this topic a bit more in-depth, you can check out our guide for the best oak trees to plant here.

What Are You Looking For In An Oak Tree?

When you think of planting an oak tree, are you picturing a tree you can sit under in the summertime and enjoy the shade? Or are you looking for an ornamental tree that can be a talking piece for visiting guests? Maybe you want one that will be bursting with colors in the fall?

If you’re in the market for a shade tree, Live Oaks are a good choice. These massive trees boast wide trunks, drooping branches that sometimes touch the ground, and impressive shading with a spread of over 100 feet for some types.

Looking to get shade quickly? If you want a faster growing oak tree, consider the Nuttall Oak or Japanese Evergreen Oak. These are going to be the fastest growing oak trees, growing about 3 feet per year. 

Want an oak with the prettiest fall foliage? White, Red, and Black Oak trees as well as Pin, Sawtooth, and Chinkapin Oak trees are all great choices for oak trees with beautiful fall leaves. As the seasons change, these trees will begin to change from green to all our favorite reds, oranges, and yellows of fall.

If you’re thinking about planting a White, Red or Black Oak Trees, check out our guide to planting oak trees in your backyard.

What about small yards? If you don’t have very much space, don’t let the reputation of the ‘mighty’ oak scare you away. There are plenty of options for smaller yards. The Nuttall, Pin, and Japanese Evergreen Oak are all great choices. These trees don’t get too tall or wide, so they can thrive in even the smallest of yards.

I just want an awesome-looking oak tree. If you’re not too concerned with space, don’t have a lot of time for upkeep, and just want a cool-looking tree, try the Willow Oak. This tree is considered one of the best-looking oak trees and will definitely grab the attention of your guests in the fall. 

What about cold climates? If you live in the northern regions of the U.S. it can be tough to find a tree that will survive in such harsh conditions. The best oak trees for cold weather include the Scarlet Oak, White Oak, Swamp White Oak, Bur Oak, and Black Oak. These can all survive in hardiness zone 3, which can see temperatures as low as -40° F.

Hot climates? Texas, Florida and Louisiana are three of the hottest states in the country. Which oaks survive the best in scorching temperatures of over 100°F? Myrtle Oak, Cork Oak, Live Oak, Holm Oak, and Japanese Evergreen Oak Trees can all survive up to zone 10.

That’s About It!

That’s all we have for now on the fastest growing oak trees. To recap, here are the 12 fastest growing oak trees:

• Japanese Evergreen Oak
• Southern Live Oak
• Valley Oak
• Nuttall Oak
• Southern Red Oak
• Water Oak
• Pin Oak
• Coast Live Oak
• Canyon Live Oak
• Laurel Oak
• Red Oak
• Willow Oak

Depending on what kind of oak tree you are looking for, you may want to consider what hardiness zone it thrives in, what PH conditions it needs, it’s maintenance requirements and how much space you need.

This way, you can choose the oak tree that will thrive in your unique situation. With a few years’ work you’ll be able to kick back and relax under a beautiful, stoic shade tree that will be around for years to come.

References

Gilman, E. F., Watson, D. G., Klein, R. W., Koeser, A. K., Hilbert, D. R., & McLean, D. C. (2019, April 11). Quercus Laurifolia: Laurel Oak. IFAS Extension University of Florida. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/ST549

Hinckley, T. M., Dougherty, P. M., Lassoie, J. P., Roberts, J. E., & Teskey, R. O. (1979, October). A Severe Drought: Impact on Tree Growth, Phenology, Net Photosynthetic Rate and Water Relations. The American Midland Naturalist, 102(2), 307-316. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2424658

Phipps, R. L., & Whiton, J. C. (1988, January). Decline in long-term growth trends of white oak. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 18(1), 24-32. https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/x88-005

Wallace, Z. P., Lovett, G. M., Hart, J. E., & Machona, B. (2007, May 31). Effects of nitrogen saturation on tree growth and death in a mixed-oak forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 243(2-3), 210-218. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378112707001624

Oak trees are some of the most beautiful and most common trees that are grown throughout the United States. So vast, so beautiful, and truly a symbol of strength and endurance, oak trees are not known specifically for their size but are sure enough to always make a statement.

In truth, oak trees should be planted anywhere from 15-30ft away from your home and all other structures. Smaller oak trees should be planted at least 15ft away, where large oak trees should be at least 20-30ft away from your home. Oak trees branches generally have a spread of at least 50ft.

Depending on your location and the amount of space you have, and dependent on your own personal preferences when it comes to your outdoor space, there are a lot of variables when considering an oak tree, and today, we’re here to offer you an in-depth look to help you decide. But first – let’s start with the basics – and learn a bit about oak trees!

What Is An Oak Tree?

Part of the Quercus species of tree – although there can be five hundred plus types of oak, they generally can all be categorized into one of the two:  White Oak or Red Oak – and as a subset of the Red Oak – a Black Oak.

Depending on the type, oaks can be considered a medium to tall tree, as many oak trees range anywhere from 60-100 feet tall when fully grown. While they all grow at different rates and speeds, and even in differing environments, with differing shaped crowns, oak trees all have that distinctively oak, lobed leaf.

Although the leaf varies in color, shape, and size, a similarity amongst oaks is that they produce the fall-favorite acorns! Acorns are actually considered a fruit – I know, right? and an oak tree can produce up to 1000 acorns every year.

Fun Fact: Did you know planting a single acorn can actually produce an oak tree? If germinated and taken care of properly, an acorn can successfully start to grow!

Oak trees are a monumental tree in the United States of America – and you will absolutely be sure to see an oak tree in almost any wooded area. However, the question we wonder is – should we be planting oak trees in our backyards? But before we dive into that – let’s talk white, red, and black.

The Difference Between White, Red, And Black Oak Trees

Although there are many variations of oak trees out there, oak trees widely fall into one of these colored categories as either a White, Red or Black Oak tree. Similar in many senses, there are also some distinct differences amongst the oaks.

White Oak Trees

Native to North America and growing up to 100 feet tall, White Oak Trees take their sweet time until they finally achieve those skyscraper heights.

Tall but with a lighter gray-toned, shorter, and stockier bark, White Oak branches grow upward and out, mimicking that of an upward crown. With dark green leaves in the spring and summer and burnt orange to wine red in the fall – the White Oak is always a showstopper.

Red Oak Trees

Growing up to 80 feet tall and with a rate of growth much faster than a White Oak, a mature Red Oak provides a beautifully rounded-off crown spread and is the absolute perfect medium-sized tree. With its bristle-tipped leaves, a Red Oak provides those beautifully rusty brown and red leaves in the fall and is the easier of the oaks to grow.

Black Oak Trees

Technically considered a variation of a Red Oak, and although called Black Oak, the interesting thing about a Black Oak is that its bark is actually yellow inside!

With lobed-shaped leaves, and velvety-textured, bi-colored leaves year-round, and with a darker green on top and a coppery tone underneath, a Black Oak’s leaves are nothing short of amazing. Growing up to 100 feet in size, Black Oaks, although a bit more uncommon, make great shade trees and have a distinctively dark, almost-black trunk.

Further, all types of oak trees are classified based on their barks, leaves, acorns, and shapes.

What is Special About an Oak Tree?

Before we start talking about planting an oak tree – let’s simply talk about why oak trees are so special! A symbol of strength, morale, resistance, and wisdom – an oak tree is a tree that has been fully loved and accepted worldwide and has much significance in many cultures.

Oak trees grow slowly; however, they stand very tall and can live up to 300 years. There are hundreds of oak tree variations across the globe, and in the United States of America alone, we have 90 different types.

An oak tree is a tree that wears many hats, thus, making it one of the most beloved trees. Its bark even has therapeutic properties.

An oak tree’s fruit, the acorn, will feed many species of livestock and also is edible to humans. The tree itself is the home to many different animals, as its vast canopies provide ample shade and protection for wildlife.

Specifically, from the bark of Red and White Oak trees, lumber is created and is used in construction, flooring, and furniture – due to its natural strength and durability.

How Much Space Do I Need For An Oak Tree?

Now that you know a little bit more about oak trees, and you may have more of an overall feel of the oak tree you would want to plant – there are some ideas to consider about the space before you start digging.

Plant Oak Trees Away From Overhanging Structures

I know that it may be hard to visualize an oak tree in its fullest capacity when you begin to plant; however, it’s important to think about how tall the tree will get and the amount of space that is available before planting.

Before you plant – take a walk around the area that you want to plant the tree in. Stop, and look directly upwards! Do you notice if there are any power lines close by? Is the roof too close? Are there streetlights nearby that can get in the way? Any structures that it could interfere with?

We often forget to look up when planting trees because we are focused on the here and now, and more often than not, the view in front of us. But when planting a tree, the most important area to consider before any other is the air space.

Making sure there are no limiting factors in the air space before you plant is so so important – especially when dealing with trees that are larger-than-life.

Oak Trees Need Minimum 15ft Of Space From Any Home

The next step in determining if you have the space for an oak tree is simply at eye level. Take a look at the area surrounding where your oak tree will be planted.

Remember, oak tree branches can get quite wide, so making sure there are no sheds or other restrictions on either side, and in front of or behind the anticipated planting spot is extremely important.

Make sure that you plant your oak tree at least 15ft away from any sheds, barns, and houses. If you already have an oak tree planted near your home, make sure that the spread (branches) are trimmed so that they are not touching your home and are as far away as possible.

Oak Trees Need To Be Away from Underground Structures

Another essential idea to consider before planting an oak is the ground coverage. Do you have pavers/concrete nearby? Do you have a pool? Oak trees grow fast and have vast roots, and need space underground to grow!

Much like in the space above our heads, there can’t be anything limiting the underground area because it not only can stunt the growth of the tree, but the roots can collide with and uplift any pavement.

If you’re planting a new oak tree, make sure that your oak is at least 50ft away from any septic field, lines, or underground wiring. It’s important to make sure that the roots of the tree don’t get intertwined with any underground utilities.

Should Your Oak Tree Provide Shade?

The next thing to consider is sun coverage. Imagine a canopy of leaves straight above where you’re going to be planting the tree – will it bring a lot of sun coverage to the area, or will it be too much shade?

As a general rule, most oak trees have a spread of at least 50ft. The spread is how far the branches and leaves stick out from the center of the tree. When considering planting an oak tree in your backyard, place your oak tree in a spot with ample room for the oak tree’s spread.

Mostly a personal preference, it’s good to think about whether or not you want sun or not in your outdoor space – because once you plant this tree and it grows, it will be difficult and costly to remove it!

Oak Trees Produce Debris

Remember, oak trees produce up to 1000 acorns a year – so, it’s important to consider debris when choosing an oak. Make sure the tree isn’t around any pools or growing over gutters – because the acorns can actually cause blockages in filters or gutters!

Besides that, if it’s growing over a lounge area or possibly an outdoor dining area – are you prepared to constantly pick up and move acorns from the area?

The thing with planting an oak tree is that there can’t be restrictions in terms of space. The trees need ample space to grow, and giving this tree the proper space, is one of the key ingredients in having this tree grow successfully! Besides space, planting an oak tree also consists of many personal preferences, all of which should be considered prior to planting.

The Pros of Planting an Oak Tree in Your Backyard

Now that you’ve considered the space and your own personal preferences let’s talk about the benefits of planting an oak tree!

Oak Trees Are Strong

Stranding tall yet strong, oak trees are a great tree to plant in your backyard because of their sturdiness and stability. There is no doubting how stable these trees are, making it a great choice for a tree that may be close to your home, especially in areas that exhibit high winds and more extreme weather conditions.

Oak Trees Are Aesthetically Beautiful

Oak trees offer a wide variety of dark green leaves and velvety textures – and have some of the most beautiful Autumn colors. From reds to golds to browns to oranges, oak trees never have a dull moment and will continue to wow you from season to season.

Oak Trees Are More Disease Resistant Than Other Trees

Oak trees are very resilient. They are able to grow in many different soil environments and can even survive a drought! Oak trees are trees that surely love full sun, can take a lot of heat – and are generally not susceptible to disease or fungus.

Oak Trees Produce Countless Acorns

How about those acorns? Oak trees produce high-protein acorns that, although they can be consumed by humans, help feed nutrition to many different species of wildlife. Producing up to thousands of acorns a year, or even up to one million in a lifetime, healthy oaks can produce protein for animals and humans for years and years to come.

An oak trees’ leaves are also nutritious and provide food to over 500 species of moth and butterflies!

Oak Trees Are Environmentally Friendly

As you’d probably assume, oak trees are very environmentally friendly – but it’s not just because they are a tree! Oak trees actually provide health to the environment by stabilizing soil with their roots.

Believe it or not, because of their wide crowns and canopies that produce a ton of shade, they not only help a bunch of different wildlife species, but oak trees can even help you save on electricity! By providing areas of vast shade to your yards and homes, oak trees can potentially help by keeping your electric bill lowered!

Oak Trees Attract Wildlife To Your Property

Based on your personal preference, this can be considered a benefit – if you happen to like wildlife. Ranging from animals as small as birds or ducks to bigger animals such as deer or bears – oak trees attract all types of wildlife, and if you’re into that kinda thing, Oak trees would be perfect for your backyard!

Oak Trees Are Easy To Grow

Oak trees are also extremely easy to grow and are low maintenance in regard to the growth process. It’s possible to have an oak tree sapling form from a few seeds or an acorn.

Once planted, depending on the type of oak tree you choose, you can expect the tree to grow deep roots and continue to grow for many, many years thereafter.

If you’re interested, you can read our full guide on the best oak trees to plant here.

Oak Trees Can Live Hundreds Of Years

You would only need to plant an oak tree once because it can live for hundreds and hundreds of years. Because of its longevity, the oak tree is a common choice amongst the entire United States of America – and has become a staple in the American culture.

You can read our full guide on how long oak trees live here.

If you don’t want to read the guide just yet, you can view our table below for some data on how long most of the common types of oak trees live.

The Cons Of Planting An Oak Tree in Your BackYard

Although there are many pros – there are also a lot of cons to consider when deciding to plant an Oak Tree!

Oak Trees Are Messy

Firstly, as wonderful it is that Oaks produce an abundance of acorns, acorns can be a mess to clean up and a lot to keep up with if you’re trying to keep your backyard tidy. Oak trees also shed catkins and other heavily pollinated flowers.

If you have an Oak over your patios or gardens, you will surely be doing a lot of maintenance to your space to keep it clean!

Oak Tree Roots Destroy Utility Lines

Although the Oak Tree itself is sturdy, the roots are, in this case, the root of the problem! The roots growing so deep and vast contributes to its sturdiness; however, it can possibly destroy anything in its underground path.

Because of this, you shouldn’t plant an Oak close to your home because the roots can crack foundations and other structures.

Oak Trees Require Annual Pruning Maintenance

So, although considered relatively low maintenance in the growth process, as it will grow well on its own without intervening, when an Oak Tree is grown, it requires routine pruning. If the branches get too heavy, they can actually break off and snap.

Insects Are Attracted to Oak Trees

Much like wildlife, oak trees attract many different types of insects, and because of this, it may not be a great idea if bugs aren’t your cup of tea. If oak is too close to your home, it’s likely that you will have some extra insects flying around and possibly getting indoors.

Oak Trees Attract Nearby Wildlife!

As mentioned earlier, the additional wildlife in your backyard can be pro – but it also can be a con! Because an oak tree attracts all of your favorite typical forest animals and insects – one oak tree can house an entire life cycle! Again, it’s your personal preference if that’s something you want in your yard!

Oak trees can also attract some unwanted guests, such as raccoons or squirrels. Although cute from a distance, a raccoon family or squirrel family moving in isn’t always the best thing and can cause problems for you and your family.

Where To Plant An Oak Tree

If you choose to plant an oak tree – we recommend planting it in an area that has full sun, well-drained soil, and has a humus-rich soil. An oak tree will grow best in this environment and especially in a hardiness zone of 8-10.

However, this is a general rule. Refer to the table we put above for more accurate info based on your specific tree.

Wrapping It Up

All in all, an Oak tree can be or may not be an option for you. The thing is – there really isn’t a right answer as it all comes down to personal preference.

Although there can be some destruction, or maybe the tree attracts some extra bugs – there’s nothing like the beauty the tree brings to the space and the abundance of food and life that it offers.

A true forest tree at that, oak trees are monumental in the USA and can be a great addition to your space.

References

And, C. D., & Rambal, S. (1995). Field study of leaf photosynthetic performance by a Mediterranean deciduous oak tree (Quercus pubescens) during a severe summer drought. New Phytologist, 131(2), 159-167.

David, T. S., Gash, J. H. C., Valente, F., Pereira, J. S., Ferreira, M. I., & David, J. S. (2006). Rainfall interception by an isolated evergreen oak tree in a Mediterranean savannah. Hydrological Processes: An International Journal, 20(13), 2713-2726.

Drake, C. (2011). Biomimicry: emulating the closed-loops systems of the Oak tree for sustainable architecture.

Schmid-Siegert, E., Sarkar, N., Iseli, C., Calderon, S., Gouhier-Darimont, C., Chrast, J., … & Reymond, P. (2017). Low number of fixed somatic mutations in a long-lived oak tree. Nature Plants, 3(12), 926-929.