Trees

As you probably know, mangoes are a sweet fruit that comes from a tree and is used in many dishes and desserts. But do you know anything beyond that, like how or where mango trees grow? 

Mango trees typically live well past 100 years and can produce fruit until the late stages of their life cycle. Mango trees planted from seeds will take roughly 8 years to produce fruit, while mango trees planted from saplings will take up to 5 years to produce mangoes.

Before we dive any deeper into those intricate details about mango trees, let’s take a moment to get back to the basics, shall we? To talk about how a mango tree grows, we should first give a mention to the mangoes themselves, the reason why these trees are so loved. Let’s get into it!

What Is A Mango?

A mango is, of course, a sweet fruit that comes from a tree…but it is also so much more!

Native to South Asia, this fruit is one of the most highly cultivated tropical fruits.

The flesh of the mango (the part you eat) is typically yellow or orange, but the skin can be quite the range of colors! You can see red, yellow, orange, green, or perhaps a mixture of them all in the skin of a mango. It just depends on the stage in the ripening process and some other chemical processes that impact the outward appearance of the mango.

The type of fruit is called a ‘stone fruit’ which is exactly what it sounds like. 

Why Is A Mango A Stone Fruit?

Stone fruit is a type of fruit that contains, you guessed it, a stone (or a pit.)

Did you know, though, that the pit itself is not the seed of these sorts of fruit? 

The seed is found inside of the stone, which can be cut open to retrieve the seed. This is an important nuisance to be aware of if you are looking to grow a mango tree directly from a mango seed. 

Popular stone fruits are peaches, mangoes, apricots, cherries, nectarines, plums, and dates. 

What Type Of Tree Is A Mango Tree?

Close up of mangoes on a mango tree in plantation,Green mangoes on the tree

Mango trees are evergreen and their leaves last for many years at a time. 

As one of the most widely cultivated tropical fruits in the world, mangoes’ variability in color and size is not the only part of this plant that is adaptable. 

These trees can live for quite some time and can produce fruit quite late into their lifespan. 

Speaking of which, let’s finally dive into the lifespan of a mango tree.

What Is The Lifespan Of A Mango Tree?

mango tree and mango garden,mango  tree

Alright, alright- we are finally getting to the part that you are here for!

A mango tree lives for well over 100 years, producing fruit well into the late stages of its life.

Let’s dive into the different stages of a mango tree’s life, from planting to maturity to the end of it all. Here are some of the things you can expect as you work to grow and maintain a mango tree:

Early Mango Tree Lifespan And Planting

Young plant in the morning light on nature background

To plant a mango tree from the seed, you have to start with the pit and the rest will follow. 

Follow these easy steps to procure a mango seed and plant yourself a tree!

  1. Cut open your mango to reach the pit (aka the stone.)
  2. Clean the pit until you can see the husk without much extra mango on it.
  3. Grab a pair of heavy-duty scissors and cut the pit open.
  4. Squeeze the mango seed out of the husk of the pit.
  5. If the seed has any extra coating around it, clean this off.
  6. Wrap your seed into a wet paper towel and place it inside a bag until it sprouts. Check often to be sure that you don’t leave your seed for too long.
  7. Plant the seed in potting soil. 
  8. Watch your tree begin to grow!
  9. You’ll need to re-pot the mango tree as it grows, eventually placing the tree directly in the ground.

You will want to start by covering the roots of your not-quite-mature mango tree, especially any newly planted trees or shrubs, with a few inches of shredded mulch. 3-4 inches of this layer should do the trick to create some insulation around the base of the tree. Creating a mulch donut of sorts, pulling the mulch to about 6 inches around the trunk on every side, will ensure that any stray roots will not be subject to the freezing temperatures.

If there are any cracks in the soil around your tree as you are completing this first step, you’ll want to make sure that they are filled in with new soil before you move on. 

If you wish to grow a mango tree without having to purchase the actual fruit itself, you can look into products like these prepared Dichondra Fresh Mango Seeds.

Growing Mango Trees To Maturity

If you are planting a mango tree from the seed, you should expect to wait 5-8 years before getting any fruit. 

However, planting seeds is not the only way to go. Planting saplings will help you lower your wait time as you patiently let the tree mature long enough to bear fruit. 

A mango tree sapling will bear fruit about 4 years after it is planted, significantly less than a mango tree planted from seed. 

This is no surprise, as saplings are often already a few years old by the time of purchase, but can be an important factor to remember if getting fruit sooner is your ultimate goal.

End Of Life For Mango Trees

Information from the University of Wisconsin- La Crosse tells us that the oldest living mango tree is 300 years old and still produces fruit! This tree can be found in East Khandesh, in India. 

So, that mango trees can live over 100 years feels almost like an understatement. These trees have quite a long lifespan and the ability to produce fruit until the end of the tree’s life says a lot about the vicarious nature of this tree. 

How Long Can A Mango Tree Produce Fruit?

Mango tree plantation in Northern Territory Australia

After flowering, a mango tree takes three to five months for the fruit to ripen.

These trees can begin producing fruit as young as 5 years after being planted from the seed and can bear fruit until the very end of their lifespan as seen by the 300-year-old mango tree in India that continues to bear fruit. 

This means that mango trees produce fruit from early mature life until the very end. 

Theoretically, if every tree lived as long as the oldest tree, each plant could bear 295 years’ worth of fruit.

How To Grow A Mango Tree

As a reminder, you can plant a mango tree from the seed in a few simple steps.

  1. Cut open your mango.
  2. Clean the pit.
  3. Cut the pit open.
  4. Squeeze the mango seed out.
  5. If the seed has any extra coating, clean it.
  6. Wrap your seed into a wet paper towel and place it inside a bag until it sprouts. Check often.
  7. Plant the seed in potting soil. 
  8. Watch your tree begin to grow!
  9. You’ll need to re-pot the mango tree as it grows.

These few steps are important factors to plant a tree, but there is more that goes into growing the tree itself. 

If you want to start your mango seedlings off on the right foot, try out some good seedling mixes such as this Sun Gro 8-Quart Mix!

The basis of a healthy tree starts at its origin, so making sure to take external factors into your planting plans can make a big difference. 

Then, as your tree grows you’ll be able to make informed decisions about how you maintain it to keep a healthy mango tree with great fruit. 

Best Time Of Year For Growing And Harvesting Mangos

Mango is harvested in the warmer months of late spring and summer, but when should you plant a mango tree for best results?

Late winter to early spring is the best time to plant a mango tree. 

This is because the plant does not actively grow during this point of the year and will be better able to get situated in the soil before active growth continues in the warmer months of the year.

Best Location For Growing Mangos

Where do mangoes grow best, exactly?

Mango trees are best suited for a tropical climate, really anywhere in the USDA hardiness zone 9 and above. 

This means, essentially, that you should be planting a mango tree in an area where the temperature does not dip below 20 degrees Fahrenheit. 

Areas that do not tend to have a frost are the prime candidates for these trees, like warm regions of Hawaii,California, Florida, and other areas along the Gulf of Mexico. 

No matter where you plan to plant your mango tree, it is important to be aware of hardiness zones and their implications.

Fertilize Your Mangos To Maximize Their Lifespan

Agriculture / Nurturing baby plant / protect nature / planting tree

If you have been reading our pieces for a while now, you know that fertilizer is the name of the game. 

While this does not plant food, as it is often (and incorrectly) referred to, it does act as a way to help trees and other plants absorb more of those oh-so-important nutrients that they need.

You can fertilize your mango tree 3 times a year, during each season that is not winter, starting at a lower amount when the tree is young and increasing slightly to adjust to the larger size of the tree as it matures. 

Though mango, by definition, is not a citrus, the tree does require many of the same nutrients to grow at a healthy, stable rate. 

Balanced fertilizers, but a little high in nitrogen content, will be best for these types of trees. 

When looking for certain specific nutrients, you’ll want to keep an eye out for phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen (the big 3 of fertilizers), manganese, zinc, and iron. 

The big three will show up pretty clearly in the N/P/K ratio (standing for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) while the other types of nutrients may need to be sought after a little more. 

Speaking of the big three and ratios, if you see fertilizer with the numbers 5-5-5, 6-6-6, or 8-3-9-2 (the 2 is an add-on and refers to magnesium), you can safely bet that you’re purchasing the right type of fertilizer. 

If you are having troubles with your tree even after fertilizing, it could be a pest issue. Check out this article on 9 Different Animals And Insects That Live In Trees.

This Dr. Earth Natural Wonder Organic Fruit Tree Fertilizer is a great option, with an NPK of 5-5-2, it is a well-balanced fertilizer with extra emphasis on stimulating healthy root development. 

Ways To Use Mangos From Your Mango Tree

So, now that you know how to plant, grow, and sustain a mango tree, what can you do with the fruit? There are so many dishes to make with mango that you won’t even know where to start!

Mango Sticky Rice

This Thai classic is a favorite among locations, served as a slightly sweet dessert for those who prefer the flavors of this fruit more than a dish completely lost to the sugar content. 

If you’re looking to get kids to eat more fruit, this could be a fun start– add in some blueberries along with the sticky rice and condensed milk for a fun yet healthier dessert dish.

This warm and filling dish can be eaten at any time of year, warm or cold!

Mango Popsicles

On a similar note, if you’re looking to reap some benefits of mango without all the processing that you’ll find in store-bought popsicles, buy some mangoes and create your own!

Be sure to have a bit of lime juice, some honey for sweetness, and fresh water on hand to blend with your mango chunks. You’ll have a refreshing summer treat in the time it takes to freeze (though popsicles also pair well with a relaxing day at home, staying out of the winter cold- no judgment here!)

Mango Salsa

Looking for a fresh way to use all that produce you bought for the holiday gatherings? Whip up a quick and easy mango salsa using some peppers, onions, mangoes, tomatoes, lime juice, and whatever else you have sitting around the kitchen. 

Use as a dip with some chips or chop the veggies into larger chunks and eat it as a salad. You’ll love this dish and all of the crisp, fresh flavors that are mixed in.

Salmon With Mango Sauce

Salmon with mango salsa and white rice on plate.

Bake some salmon and use mango salsa, or any sort of version you concoct, to top it off. You can balance the crispy edges of the fish with the softer, lighter pieces of mango to create a meal that feels as delightful to eat as it does healthy to prepare.

Shrimp Tacos With Mango Salsa

On the note of using a sauce or salsa, why stop at chips and salmon? Let’s talk tacos!

Make some shrimp tacos ( white fish tacos pair well, too) and add some purple cabbage, a spicy sauce, and mango salsa on top. This combination of textures and flavors combines to make the perfect lunch that feels balanced yet yummy.

Mango Lassi

The University of Southern California notes that a mango lassi recipe can provide 39% of the daily calcium recommendation in just a little drink. 

This creamy yogurt drink originates in India, home to the oldest mango tree currently producing fruit as well as one of the biggest consumers of mango in the world. 

Combine mango pulp, yogurt, and a dash of carbonated water with a few other ingredients to easily re-create this healthy yet tasty treat.

Mango Fruit Salad

Why go for a regular, boring fruit salad when you can add mango and elevate any version of a fruit salad immediately? 

Combine some apples, grapes, mango, raspberry, strawberries, and blueberries to make a semi-tropical fusion fruit salad that takes ‘regular’ and spins it on its head. 

The taste is great but the antioxidants and vitamins that these salad packs are more than enough reason to give this dish a try.

Mango Chutney

Another Indian dish, chutney is a gluten-free savory condiment that can be used with a whole spread of different foods. 

Mango chutney in particular is rich in vitamins A, B, and C, along with other antioxidants and heart-healthy factors.

This is also, like most other mango dishes, a great way to get some extra iron in your diet when needed. 

Mango Sorbet

Mango ice cream sorbet in olive wood bowl

Finally, one more sweet dessert dish that is easy to make, has a great taste and will leave you feeling like your final course didn’t go to waste. 

This light relative of ice cream is great after a heavier meal when you want something else, without feeling much fuller.

Wrapping Up!

Well, that’s all we’ve got for now.

If the bad pun didn’t scare you away, feel free to check out some more pieces on more trees here anytime!

Remember these important facts about mangoes as a fruit, the lifespan of the trees, how to grow them, and more!

If you ever forget, just pop back over to this piece for a refresher. We like to do all the deep-diving for information so that you don’t have to you’re welcome!

If you are ever are interested in mango trees and how their roots work, you can check out this article on the 6 Best Fruit Trees That Have Shallow Roots.

Also, keep some of these recipe ideas in mind- they might come in handy in a few years when your tree is producing plenty of mangoes and you’re trying to keep some new dishes in the rotation.

Thank you for taking the time to read, I hope you learned lots of new information about mangoes and their trees. We invite you to stop back sometime and check out a little more. 

Remember, we are always here to help you along your tree journey. 

References

Boudon, F., Persello, S., Grechi, I., Marquier, A., Soria, C., Fournier, C., … & Normand, F. (2018, August). Assessing the role of aging and light availability in leaf mortality in the mango tree. In XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Cultivars, Rootstocks and Management Systems of 1281 (pp. 601-608).

Wall‐Medrano, A., Olivas‐Aguirre, F. J., Ayala‐Zavala, J. F., Domínguez‐Avila, J. A., Gonzalez‐Aguilar, G. A., Herrera‐Cazares, L. A., & Gaytan‐Martinez, M. (2020). Health Benefits of Mango By‐products. Food Wastes and By‐products: Nutraceutical and Health Potential, 159-191.

Boudon, F., Persello, S., Grechi, I., Marquier, A., Soria, C., Fournier, C., … & Normand, F. (2018, August). Assessing the role of ageing and light availability in leaf mortality in the mango tree. In XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Cultivars, Rootstocks and Management Systems of 1281 (pp. 601-608).

The Japanese blueberry tree is a gorgeous evergreen tree native to Japan and China that has gained a lot of popularity in countries across the world, especially in the United States. While they are well-liked and very hardy, they still come with their own set of potential problems. 

The most common issues with Japanese blueberry trees are leaf rust, chlorosis, sunburn, pest infestation, and sooty mold. Prevent these issues by limiting pruning to the end of February and mid-March, which keeps the tree branches safe from issues that typically happen during warm weather.

Reading the rest of this article will prepare you for the various problems that you might have with your Japanese blueberry tree. Thankfully the tree is generally disease-resistant, but it can still come into trouble if overwatered or not given enough sun.

Why Do People Love The Japanese Blueberry Tree?

Japanese blueberry trees are very beautiful and beneficial additions to your yard. They can grow up to 30 feet wide and 40 feet tall but can be pruned into many different shapes. Their leaves are a rich, deep green that occasionally turns red before falling. They bloom the prettiest white flowers during spring.

These trees are attractive to birds and butterflies, which makes them pleasant additions to the yard for more than just you. 

The best part about the Japanese blueberry tree is how easy it is to take care of. They require no maintenance if you plant them in the right conditions (discussed below). However, many people prune and fertilize the tree to maximize its beauty’s potential. 

People also like them because it’s hard for them to catch a disease, but it is possible. The most frequent ailment you’ll see on the blueberry tree is sooty mold, which I’ll talk about later. 

Prime Environment Japanese Blueberries

beautiful blooming Elaeocarpus Sylvestris or Elaeocarpus decipiens

Japanese blueberry trees are generally very hardy and can withstand drought once they are established. However, they won’t reach their maximum potential unless you put them in the right place with the right soil and conditions. 

Japanese blueberry trees should be planted in zones 8 to 11. They enjoy a full sun location and soil that is well-drained and rich in nutrients.  

If you have a Japanese blueberry tree, you should water it once a week during the summer months, and twice a week if it is extremely hot. The tree should get 15 to 20 gallons of water each week during its first two growing seasons. You want the root system to become fully established during this time. During its third growing season, you can begin watering it as needed. Don’t allow any standing water to form near the tree. 

Experts suggest fertilizing your tree three times a year, in spring, summer, and fall. There are several fertilizers available, but I recommend Jobe’s 01660 Fertilizer Spikes Tree & Shrubs because they release fertilizer slowly into the soil so it doesn’t overwhelm the tree. Place these spikes along the dripline, one per every three feet of height of the tree. 

Problems That Can Arise With Japanese Blueberry Trees 

You have spent so much precious time and money on maintaining your beautiful blueberry tree that it is no wonder why you’ve become frustrated if you experience a problem with it. 

Luckily, Japanese blueberry trees are quite hardy and relatively disease-resistant. Their problems are few, but they require care to keep these problems at bay. If you have noticed any of the issues below, don’t worry, we can fix them! 

Leaf Rust 

Normally, the leaves of the Japanese blueberry tree will fall after 2-3 years and be replaced by new leaves. The tree naturally sheds a lot of leaves and berries, but there is a problem if it is excessive and the branches are starting to become bare.  

First things first, look at the color of the leaves that have fallen. Do they have reddish-brown spots? If so, that may be leaf rust. Read on further to figure out what to do if you’re dealing with leaf rust.  

A lot of leaves will fall off if the tree does not have good enough drainage or it is not getting enough nutrients. If you notice standing water near your tree or hard, compacted soil, you probably have poor soil drainage. If you haven’t fertilized your tree since planting it, it may be lacking nutrients. 

To improve the soil drainage around your tree, start by mixing compost into the soil. It will create more air pockets for water to drain. You should add 3-4 inches of compost every year to greatly improve drainage. 

Apply a fertilizer every spring, summer, and fall to keep strong leaves growing and your tree nourished. This will create the best possible environment for it to grow full and tall. 

Tree Tops Have Begun Dying (Sunburn)

If you notice the top of your blueberry tree has started to die off leaving bare branches sticking out above the leaves, there are two reasons why this has happened. 

Japanese blueberry trees are thin-barked, so they are prone to sunburn. The part of the tree that is sunburned will die and stop sending nutrients to the leaves and branches above it. You can usually see where the damage has occurred by looking at the tree trunk right below the dying area. 

You will notice sunburn on the side that gets the most sun by its discolored bark. This happens because the top of the tree wasn’t shaded enough by the canopy. Cut off the dead branches during winter and put a burlap sack over the top of the tree to shade it until new growth appears. 

Another reason the tops of your blueberry tree are bare is an invasion of borers. Borers are wood-chewing insects that burrow into tree trunks and feed on the inner layers. They are usually beetle or caterpillar larvae. If they bore into your blueberry tree, they may have caused damage to the trunk, which means the top of the tree has been cut off from water. 

Check for this type of damage by inspecting the trunk just below the bare branches. The bark will come off easily, especially if it’s facing the most sunlight. The borers will have burrowed right underneath the bark. 

You can’t reverse the damage caused by borers, but you can apply insecticide to the tree’s soil once a year to keep them from coming back. Prune back the dead parts of the treetop during winter and be careful to leave proper canopy shade to the living branches below.  

Anytime you are pruning off the dead parts of the top of the blueberry tree, you want to keep the exposed branches from getting sunburned. Like I said before, you can put burlap sacks over the tops of the tree to provide shade. You can also paint diluted latex paint over the exposed tree branches to lower the surface temperature and allow for new growth. 

The Tree Canopy Is Thinning 

Excessive shedding of leaves is a cause of concern for your blueberry tree. You’re frustrated at the canopy thinning in your Japanese blueberry tree, but you don’t know what caused it. 

There are a couple of reasons that may explain why the canopy is thinning on your tree. The first reason could be that your tree is not getting enough water. If you’re in a desert area or somewhere with excessive heat, be very careful to water your blueberry tree often! 

If your tree isn’t getting enough water, the leaves will thin out and the inner canopy will be exposed to the sun. Like I said before, Japanese blueberry trees can get sunburned. Taking special care to water the tree enough so it doesn’t get scorched is important if you want to have this type of tree in a hot and dry climate. 

Another possible reason the canopy is thinning is that the areas that are becoming bare are not getting enough sunlight. Japanese blueberry trees will only thrive if they are getting enough sunlight, so the areas that don’t will suffer. This happens a lot when they are planted up against a fence. 

If your blueberry tree is getting enough sun and water and it still is losing a lot of leaves, then you might have other trees or Japanese blueberry trees too close to it. If the tree’s roots are competing for resources, then it might not be getting enough nutrients to keep the leaves going. 

Iron-Deficiency Chlorosis 

Closeup of vine grape leaf with chlorosis closeup. Diseases of grapes. Chlorosis of leaves.

Chlorosis occurs in a Japanese blueberry tree when the soil doesn’t have enough iron in it or the soil’s pH levels are too high. If it is severe and combined with dry weather, then the leaves can be seriously scorched. 

Generally, the soil will have enough iron in it. However, if the soil doesn’t have a pH level higher than 6.5, it won’t be able to absorb the necessary iron. Iron is needed for the leaves to produce chlorophyll, so the first thing you’ll notice with this disease is that leaves are lightening in color and turning yellow. If it becomes severe, the yellowing leaves will fall off and branches may die back. 

Factors that can make the chlorosis worse on your blueberry tree are overwatering, soil salinity, phosphorous content, concentrations of zinc, magnesium, and copper in the soil, soil temperature, and root damage. 

The first thing you should do if you suspect chlorosis is to test the soil’s pH level. Japanese blueberry trees prefer soil that has a pH level between 6.1 and 7.3. If the pH level is too high, you know you’re dealing with chlorosis. 

As a quick fix, you can use a foliar iron spray to speed up the process of healing your blueberry tree. Try using a chelated liquid iron spray like Southern Ag Chelated Liquid Iron to get quick results on your blueberry leaves. Apply it directly on the leaves and you’ll see results within a couple of days.  

The foliar spray will only provide nutrients to the leaves themselves and doesn’t do anything to correct the problem in the soil that started the chlorosis in the first place, so only use it as a spot treatment. 

To fix the soil, create a mixture of equal parts ferrous sulfate and elemental sulfur. I highly suggest using Monterey LG7115 Dr. Soil Acidifier Granules for this job. Add 1 cup of the mixture to the soil of your Japanese blueberry tree and water it thoroughly (do not overwater!) to reach all of the tree’s roots. 

The foliar spray will have an almost immediate effect on the leaves, but don’t expect the entire tree to recover from chlorosis instantly. You will notice the changes in the next growing season. 

Sooty Tree Mold Caused By Pests 

Sooty mold, also known as black silt, is one of the very few diseases that can affect a Japanese blueberry tree. You’ll recognize it by the ugly black shadows and patches it creates on leaves, almost as if it were covered by the ash of a nearby campfire.

Luckily, sooty mold is usually harmless to your tree, but it can make the tree unpleasant to look at if too much of the black mold builds upon the leaves. The buildup can block the photosynthesis process too, which will turn some of the leaves yellow. 

If you want to do more research on what pests could be living/damaging your trees, you should check out this article on 9 Different Animals And Insects That Live In Trees.

Sooty mold can only grow on honeydew, which is the waste left by aphids, scales, or other insects feeding on your Japanese blueberry tree or any plants near it. Bees or yellow jackets buzzing around your tree is a sign that there is a lot of honeydew on it. 

You can get rid of some of the mold temporarily by spraying your tree’s leaves off with the garden hose. This doesn’t solve the pest problem that created the honeydew in the first place, so I recommend using neem oil, specifically Verdana USDA Organic Cold Pressed Neem Oil, to take them out and keep honeydew from continuing to form on the tree. 

Leaf Rust Discoloring Leaves 

The front view of a leaf infected with juniper hawthron disease.

The last common problem that Japanese blueberry trees experience is leaf rust. Leaf rust is caused by the fungus Naohidemyces vaccinii. Younger leaves are more vulnerable to this fungus and older leaves are more resistant. This fungus will grow faster in warmer weather, so it is more detrimental to Japanese blueberry trees in warmer climates. 

According to Michigan State University, you will notice leaf rust by the yellow spots that grow on the leaves in mid-season that turn brownish-red as time goes on. The leaves will eventually fall off. 

Luckily, the disease is not fatal to the tree. It is annoying, however, because it can ruin the beauty of your tree by causing leaf loss and stunting new bloom growth in the next spring. 

The ailment can grow on your tree fast. The fungus can grow on leaves after 48 hours of wetness. Because of this, you should only water your Japanese blueberry tree at the soil line without getting any of the leaves wet. Avoid overwatering as well. 

The first thing you should do if you notice leaf rust is to apply a fungicide to stop the spread and save the rest of your leaves. I suggest using Bonide 811 Copper 4E Fungicide on the leaves to keep any more from getting affected.  

Rake up any fallen leaves beneath the tree and burn them (if your area allows it). Doing this will keep the fungus from being spread by humans, animals, air, or water.  

Later on, in the season, some of the infected leaves will grow telia on it, which is a fungal structure that lets the fungus stay alive during the winter and reinfect again in the spring. That’s why it’s important to rake up the fallen leaves and destroy them. 

Wrapping Up 

Good maintenance of your Japanese blueberry tree will give it the best chance of flourishing into a gorgeous tree, shrub, or topiary, depending on your tastes. Its versatility and attractiveness make it a highly sought-after tree by those who have discovered it. 

If you do decide to add this tree to your yard, make sure to give it the best chance of survival from the moment of planting. You can do this by choosing somewhere with good air circulation, full sun, and well-draining soil.  

If you’re interested in growing other trees that can bear beautiful fruit, consider reading this blog on 6 Of The Best Fruit Trees That Have Shallow Roots.

If you have a Japanese blueberry tree, research to find out the best living conditions for it. Even though they are hardy plants, these trees are beautiful when they have flourished. Don’t waste your money with a sad blueberry tree when you could have a healthy and thriving one that compliments your yard!a

References

“Elaeocarpus Decipiens.” North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, NC State.  

Koenig, Rich, and Mike Kuhns. “Control of Iron Chlorosis in Ornamental and Crop Plants.” Cooperative Extension, Utah State University, June 2010. 

Schilder, Annemiek. “Beware of Blueberry Leaf Rust.” MSU Extension, Michigan State University, 20 Sept. 2018. 

When you think of tropical palm trees you probably think about warm, tropical climates that you spend your vacation in. But believe it or not, some palm trees can withstand temperatures below freezing! But some states are just too cold.

Most tropical palm trees cannot grow in New York. The cold temperatures, high winds, and length of winter prevent palm trees from growing the whole year. The temperature in NY generally stays under 40°F from December – March, which is too cold for most tropical palm trees.

Palm trees add a lot of aesthetic value to your landscape, but if you live in New York it’s pretty tricky to get a palm tree to survive. Read on to discover the reasons why you can’t grow a tropical palm, and what you can plant instead.

Can Tropical Palm Trees Grow In New York?

We already hinted at the answer above, but let’s dive down into some details to get you all the information you need on palm trees in New York.

Although we mentioned above that most tropical palm trees cannot grow in New York, that doesn’t mean that ALL palm trees won’t survive in the state. After all, New York is more than just a city that never sleeps.

Most people refer to tropical palm trees as those big, recognizable trees you see in Florida, California, and Hawaii. Any palm tree can be considered ‘tropical,’ but there are some that are cold-hardy too. 

The cabbage palm, for example, is a tropical palm tree often seen in Florida. It’s considered ‘cold hardy’ but still needs to be in hardiness zone 8b or higher to survive according to the University of Florida.

No area in New York has a hardiness zone above 7b.

But don’t lose hope! Some palm trees are very cold-hardy and might survive in the warmer areas of the state.

The areas of New York with the highest success rate for growing palm trees will be along the Atlantic coast such as Long Island and south of New York City. These areas have a hardiness zone of 7b.

Temperature isn’t the only factor when considering growing a palm tree. Altitude, wind, soil conditions, and anthropogenic conditions also impact a palm tree’s survivability. More on that later!

If you are interested in palm trees growing in other areas, check out this article on 5 Reasons New Orleans Has Palm Trees.

For now, let’s talk about the necessary conditions for some of the most popular palm trees and see if New York fits the bill.

Growing Conditions For Tropical Palm Trees: Does New York Have Them?

Just like oak trees and maple trees, there are tons of different varieties of palm trees. Some are those tall, spindly ones with coconuts, others are so small they can fit in a pot and be kept inside.

Keep in mind that this means each variety of palm trees will require different environmental conditions. Some like arid conditions, others need lots of rain, and still, others need partial shade or full sun.

First, let’s see what New York’s climate data looks like. This includes New York City and Long Island.

  • The average high in January – 39℉
  • The average low in January – 26℉
  • Average Precipitation in January – 3.90 inches
  • Soil types (According to the City University of New York)
    • North Shore – rocky
    • South Shore- sandy
  • Elevation
    • Long Island – 401 ft
    • New York – 33 ft

We chose January because that is the coldest month in New York. If a palm tree can survive January in Long Island, it can survive the other months as well.

Let’s talk in detail about all the reasons why you can’t grow most palm trees in New York.

Temperature Requirements For Tropical Palm Trees

Coconut tropical palm trees an pristine bounty beach close to sea.

When most people think of New York, they think of the city, of the empire state building, and the statue of liberty. But the reality is New York city only covers a small portion of the state. 

The rest of the state is mostly rural and country (where I’m from, let’s go Upstate!) But for this article, we are going to cover southern and eastern New York, the warmest areas in the state.

Palm trees are tropical trees and therefore require mild, tropical climates to thrive. The most cold-hardy palm trees like the needle palm and the Windmill palm can survive temperatures around 10℉ and sometimes brief exposure to colder temperatures. 

With that being said, you might be thinking that New York fits those parameters perfectly! Not so fast…

The thing you have to remember about required temperatures is that a palm tree can survive only brief exposure to these chilly conditions

It’s not uncommon for South Carolina or Florida to have a brief cold snap, but New York’s entire winter season may have several cold snaps followed by prolonged cold temperatures below 20℉.

The average palm tree needs temperatures to be above 55℉. But again, this number varies greatly among the different species of palm.

Soil Condition Requirements For Tropical Palm Trees

The aciditymoisturetemperature, and type of soil are important factors to take into consideration for growing any plant, including palms. 

Going back to our earlier example of the cabbage palm, these trees require wet soils and commonly grow along coastal marshes according to the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.

Cabbage palm also thrives in warmer soils that range from 68℉ to 104℉. You really won’t find that anywhere in New York except during the hottest summer days.

While cabbage palms need high moisture content, needle palms can thrive in both wet and dry conditions. Almost all palms benefit from magnesium supplementation in the fertilizer.

So what type of soil grows in New York?

The most common soil found in New York is unofficially named their state soil “Honeoye.” This soil is slightly acidic to neutral, has a high moisture content, and is considered fertile.

Honeoye can sustain some palm trees, and you can always try to supplement your palm tree with magnesium such as Jobe’s Fern & Palm Fertilizer Spikes. These are mostly for indoor palm plants and have a time-release for continuous nutrient supplies.

Necessary Elevation For Tropical Palm Trees

Tropical palm trees

As you can imagine, most palm trees are located at or near sea level. They’re found on islands after all, right?

However, New York isn’t too far behind islands and coastal areas in terms of elevation. The average elevation of New York is only around 33 feet, with the highest point being on long island at 401 feet (Jayne’s Hill).

In most areas of southern New York and Long Island, they pass the test for the necessary elevation for palm trees. 

Some palm trees like the windmill palms are native to the Himalaya Mountains and can thrive at high altitudes. However, most palms enjoy being closer to the sea than the summit of a mountain.

Wind Conditions Can Affect Tropical Palm Trees

Wind can be a huge factor for palm survivability. Having those big fan-like leaves or long slender leaves means they catch the wind more regularly than a streamlined leaf.

Part of New York is situated directly on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. As such, tropical storms have the potential to land on the coast and travel inward. 

Since New York City and Long Island are the two preferred locations for growing palms, this is an important factor when deciding whether a palm can survive in New York or not. These two areas are very close to the coast and are more affected by wind than Albany, for example.

City Life Can Be Rough On Tropical Palm Trees

When you’re on vacation in a tropical area and see palm trees lining the streets and sidewalks, you can be sure those trees aren’t as comfortable as trees in a natural forest. 

Anthropogenic effects can range from car pollution to cigarette butts to littering plastic bottles. All of these can affect the soil conditions including water levels, PH, and nutrient levels.

In a 2011 study, they tried to identify how people affected the growth of palm trees. As you might well guess, the more disturbance done by people, the less likely the palm trees were to germinate or grow from seed.

With a population of more than 8 million people, anthropogenic pollution plays a big role in the plant life in New York City. 

Another downside to city life is the water stress that gets put on the soil. Spillways and waterways attempt to guide water in what would have been a natural direction. This doesn’t always work.

Some soils get waterlogged and other soils become far too dry to support such tropical plants as palm trees.

Now that we know what kind of climate palm trees need, let’s move on to the hardiest palm trees and see if any can survive in a city that never sleeps.

Cold Hardy Palm Trees That May Grow In New York

Leaves of palm trees covered with snow, unusual weather on the Adriatic coast in January 2017

Some palm trees can survive cold temperatures and even snow. Crazy, right? Five species of palm trees are pretty cold-hardy, some even surviving through -15℉!

Don’t get too excited, just because it can survive -15 doesn’t mean it will thrive. Let’s check out the five hardiest palm trees and see if they can survive in New York.

Needle Palm Tree

Needle palms are native to Florida and are endangered in the wild. Their name wasn’t given randomly. The leaves of the needle palm are pretty sharp!

These prickly palms make an excellent addition to northern landscapes to bring a tropical feel. They can survive in a variety of conditions, making them a perfect match for beginners.

Hardiness zone: Needle palms aren’t considered the hardiest palm out there, but they can survive the most extreme low temperatures. You can find these trees in hardiness zones as low as 5 and as high as zone 11.

Sun: Needle palm can tolerate full sun or shade, but it prefers shaded areas such as beneath a tree.

Soil conditions: In the wild, needle palms grow on shady slopes with moist soil, but they can adapt to dry and even drought conditions once they are established. 

Height: When mature, needle palms are more shrub than a tree. They grow to a maximum height of six feet and have a six-foot spread as well.

Can grow the needle palm tree grow in New York?: Yes.

European Fan Palm Tree

This cold-hardy palm tree can be grown as a shrub or as a small tree. European fan palms may also go by the name Mediterranean palm, but rest assured they are the same tree. They can even be grown indoors if you like a tropical look in your house!

All ‘fan’ palms have similar leaves that fan out like, well, a fan. They’re the branches you see in the movies that people would wave at pharaohs and kings and queens to cool them off.

Hardiness zone: Although the European fan palm is considered cold-hardy, New York is a little too cold for this palm. It can survive in temperatures of 10℉ or more. This coincides with a possible zone 8, but more comfortably a zone 9 or higher.

Sun: European fan palms thrive in full sun or partial shade. They need at least 4-6 hours of sun tanning to be healthy happy trees. If you notice your palm starting to thin out with fewer leaves and more stems, it’s probably getting too much shade.

Soil conditions: In terms of soil conditions, the European fan palm can withstand nearly any PH level. They do well in sandy soils but require good drainage as wet soils can rot the roots.

Height: Since these palms can be grown indoors, they can be as small as you like. If you let them grow to their max, they’ll reach a size of about 15ft and have a spread up to 20ft. 

Can grow the European Fan Palm Tree Grow In New York?: Yes if planted in a pot and brought inside during the winter months.

Pindo Palm Tree

The pindo palmaEUR(TM)s other common name is jelly palm

This palm goes by many names! Jelly, Pindo, Yatay, and Brazilian Butia Palm just to name a few. A cold-hardy palm, pindo palms can survive cold snaps of 15℉ according to North Carolina State University.

Hardiness zone: Pindo palms aren’t as cold-hardy as some of the other palms on our list. It can grow in zones 8b to 10a.

Sun: This many-named palm tree requires full sun and cannot tolerate very much shade.

Soil conditions: The fertile soils of New York City and Long Island would do well for this palm, which requires a high organic content in the soil to thrive.

Height: The pindo palm can grow as tall as 20 feet and reach a maximum width of 15 feet.

Can grow the pindo palm tree grow in New York?: No

Saw Palmetto Palm Tree

Remember our good ol’ cabbage palms from earlier? Well, the correct name for a cabbage palm is a saw palmetto palm tree. These trees are pretty recognizable and might remind you of Jurassic Park.

Hardiness zone: Saw palmettos thrive in zones 8a to 11. Temperatures must average above 10℉.

Sun: These bushy palm trees prefer the sun, but have adapted to living in the light shade by making their leaves longer, wider, and more numerous. This gives the plant access to as much sunlight as possible.

Soil conditions: Saw palmettos are not picky about their soil. They can grow in both acidic and alkaline soils and prefer any soil type except clay.

Height: Sometimes you can find the saw palmetto wider than it is tall. They can reach a max of 5 feet wide and grow between 3 and 6 feet tall. The saw palmetto is a slow-growing plant.

Can grow the saw palmetto palm tree grow in New York?: No

Windmill Palm Tree

Trachycarpus fortunei palms in bloom

The mother of all cold-hardy palm trees, the windmill palm can survive freezing temperatures and grows as far north as New York!

Windmill palms are the largest tree on our list of five cold-hardy palm trees. It is an evergreen tree that provides bountiful materials to locals such as rope, thatched roofs, brushes, and hats.

Hardiness zone: These hardy palms can thrive in zones 7b to 11.

Sun: Windmill palms prefer partial shade, but in the colder climates (like New York) they do well in full sun to keep them warm and happy.

Soil conditions: LIke the saw palmetto, windmill palms are not picky about their soil except for one condition – they can’t grow in soggy soil. It must be well-drained.

Height: Windmill palms can grow as tall as 40 feet high and 10 feet across. Their height makes them susceptible to wind damage, so be sure to plant them on the south side of buildings, away from the wind.

Can grow the windmill palm tree grow in New York?: Yes

Signs Of Cold-Damaged Palm Trees

Now that you know what kind of palm trees you can and can’t plant in New York, it’s time to discuss what the symptoms are of a cold-damaged plant. This can be helpful if you notice something off about your palm tree after a particularly cold night.

Some signs of palm tree damage to look out for after a few cold days include:

  • Leaf discoloration
  • Leaf necrosis
  • Trunk damage caused by secondary fungi
  • Canopy collapse
  • Peeling bark

You can try to help reduce cold damage by insulating your palms with some sort of mulch or straw. One great example is this Double F Farms Natural Organic Straw.

Some of these symptoms will appear days after, but others (like trunk damage) may take months to show any symptoms.

Summary

Now that you’ve invested a couple of thousand words on cold-hardy palm trees, let’s recap some important information.

Palm trees thrive in tropical climates but can survive in a wide range of conditions, including the cold. While there are tons of different species of palm trees, there are only a few that are cold-hardy.

New York provides rich soils but is lacking slightly in temperature conditions to support most palm trees. To recap, the palm trees that you can plant in lower New York City and Long Island areas include:

  • Needle Palm Tree
  • European Fan Palm Tree
  • Windmill Palm Tree

It’s not a long list, but it’s something! Go on and give your temperate landscape a tropical twist with one of these three palm trees!

References:

Anthelme, F., Lincango, J., Gully, C., Duarte, N., & Montufar, R. (2011, March). How do anthropogenic disturbances affect the resilience of a keystone palm tree in the threatened Andean cloud forest? Biological Conservation, 144(3), 1059-1067.

Broschat, T. K. (2020, October). Fertilization Improves Cold Tolerance in Coconut Palm. HortTechnology20(5), 4. ml

Oliveira, D., Medeiros, M., Pereira, S., Oliveira, M., Frosi, G., Arruda, E., & Santos, M. (2016, Apr-Jun). Ecophysiological leaf traits of native and exotic palm tree species under semi-arid conditions. Basic Areas75(2).

Sahari, J., Sapuan, S. M., Zainudin, E. S., & Maleque, M. A. (2012). Sugar Palm Tree: A Versatile Plant and Novel Source for Bio fibers, Biomatrices, and Biocomposites. Polymers from Renewable Resources3(2).

As you are probably aware, you cannot find trees like palm trees in all locations. Just like how a coniferous evergreen tree will not grow successfully in the desert of Arizona, one will not have much luck finding a palm tree in the wilderness of Montana. 

New Orleans is a suitable environment for palm trees because of its low altitude, humid subtropical climate, coastal location, high sun exposure, and proximity to the equator. The most common palm trees in New Orleans and Louisiana are the Canary Island Date palm and Palmetto palm.

Before we can talk about which types of palm trees are well-suited to this sort of environment, let’s dive into whether Louisiana, as an entire region, has palm trees.

Does All Of Louisiana Have Palm Trees?

In a short answer, yes. Louisiana has many palm trees growing throughout the state. The major region may be NOLA, but that does not mean palm trees cannot thrive throughout the state of Louisiana.

Louisiana State University’s College of Agriculture states that the most common palm trees in Lousiana are the Canary Island Date palm tree (Phoenix canariensis) and Palmetto palm tree.

The sort of palm trees growing in Louisiana are going to be hardier trees, meaning there is a higher chance for a tree to survive (and thrive) as the temperatures get colder during the winter months.

Reasons Palm Trees Grow Well In Louisiana

Before we get into New Orleans specifically, here are a few reasons why palm trees can grow in Louisiana in the first place!

Proximity To The Gulf Of Mexico

This proximity affects not only New Orleans but the entire state of Louisiana. 

The Gulf of Mexico affects the land and creates a humid, subtropical climate in the middle of other, similarly defined land. 

New Orleans may feel this the most deeply, which we will discuss later, but Louisiana is a wonderful place for palm trees to flourish.

Louisiana Hardiness Zone Of 8a-10a Is Perfect For Palm Trees

Palm trees need a minimum hardiness level of 7a or higher to thrive. 

Louisiana falls into an even higher hardiness zone, which is a good thing! 

Palms are very unlikely to freeze, and there are great growing conditions for this general species in this part of the country

Wait, wait, wait… let’s back up. 

What In The World Is A Hardiness Zone?

The USDA has defined different hardiness zones across the United States to help categorize which trees will grow best in certain environments. 

Palm trees fall into the range of higher numbers on this scale, so they need warmer temperatures overall to thrive. 

You can find a map of the country and different regions’ respective hardiness zones provided by the USDA.

How Do Hardiness Zones Work?

Each zone represents a certain range of temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, with a threshold of 10 degrees. 

Those 10-degree zones get divided into smaller halves to represent the lower 5 degrees Fahrenheit and the higher 5 degrees Fahrenheit of each zone. 

Let’s look at the low end of the hardiness zones that palms can thrive in as an example. 

  • Palm trees start doing well in hardiness zone 7a. 
  • Zone 7 is 0-10 degrees Fahrenheit. 
  • Zone 7a is 0-5 degrees Fahrenheit. 

If palms could start doing well in zone 7b, instead, they could not do as well in that 0-5 degree Fahrenheit temperature range. 

Why Hardiness Zones Are Important For Louisiana Palm Trees

A hardiness zone represents what types of plants can survive in certain climate conditions. From the ability to survive in a minimum temperature range to their ability to thrive in an area with a higher minimum temperature range.

Hardiness is a great measure of the ability of a plant to survive in cold temperatures. The 0-10 degrees of zone 7 does not represent the average temperature of the region. It also does not represent the other factors in a region. 

Hardiness zones represent the minimum temperature a region can reach, not the typical temperature of an area.

It helps to remember other environmental factors can also play a part in the ability of a tree to do well in an area. 

Hardiness zones cannot account for precipitation, elevation, or freeze dates of a place.

That is where our other factors come in!

Let’s talk about NOLA specifically now. 

Why Does New Orleans Have Palm Trees?

Palm tree and green space in City Park, New Orleans

Alright, now the part you have been waiting for!

The factors, the reasons, the explanation… why New Orleans has palm trees!

Stick with us for the 5 main reasons New Orleans is such a magnificent home for palm trees to grow.

New Orleans’ Altitude Makes It Favorable For Palm Trees

The vast majority of palm trees live in low-lying areas, something that probably comes to mind when you think of New Orleans. 

NASA itself tells us NOLA is a perfect location for palm trees. Much of the city lies below sea level. It is thanks to levees and sea walls the various storm surges that come through the region have not yet completely decimated the city. 

The city was founded in marshy swamplands, and it took ages for settlers to figure out how to drain the swamp they had built so much on top of. Thanks to this delayed realization, the city of New Orleans sunk. 

There’s a reason NOLA has mausoleums instead of graves and a severe lack of basements. The water just underneath the surface is an enormous factor contributing to the overall setting of the city.

The altitude of the city is just one of the many factors that combine to make this such a great space for palms to stay.

Palm Trees Can Thrive In The Climate

Palm trees likely cannot survive winter weather. One frost and a palm tree may not bounce back. 

Did you know the city of New Orleans has a humid, subtropical climate similar to much of Florida?

Just like the rest of Louisiana, but a bit more extreme, New Orleans has quite the climate.

If you stop to consider the western coast of Florida meets the same gulf New Orleans itself is next to, it is not an immense surprise their climates may be similar.

Now, think about how many palm trees you see in Florida, right? Exactly. 

The climate of good ol’ NOLA is perfect for the subtropical palm species that call Southern Louisiana home.

While climate is important, don’t forget about those hardiness zones, the geography of New Orleans is another huge player in the city’s success with palms. 

Costal Locations Are Perfect For Palm Trees

If the overall climate of New Orleans and the fact the city rests at a low altitude is not enough for you, maybe the location is. 

Thanks to the coastal location of New Orleans, the weather is humid and pairs with other factors, which create a subtropical climate zone that is perfect for growing palm trees. Having water all around only enhances how low the city sits. 

The water table in New Orleans is very high thanks to the coastal location and the land that just isn’t high enough to avoid turning into a swamp a few feet below the surface. 

Not all palm trees love wet soil, but there are certainly many that thrive in this type of environment. New Orleans may just be the best place for these species!

Another reason this city is so great for palm trees? 

The sun.

New Orleans Provides Ample Sun For Palm Trees

Palm trees can grow with a bit of shade, but it is certainly not the ideal situation for these tropical trees. 

New Orleans provides a very warm, sunny location where a palm tree can soak up the water it needs, all while simultaneously soaking in the sun.

New Orleans averages 216 sunny days per year, beating the national average of 205 sunny days by over a week and a half. 

If it does not seem like a lot, consider the hours it likely translates to. This area gets approximately an extra 120 hours of sunlight a year. 

Take into consideration the amount of direct sunlight, and you will see why these trees do so well in the Crescent City.

The Geography Of New Orleans Lets Palm Trees Flourish

Okay, okay, back to the geography again. This time, we are talking less about proximity to the beach and more about the location of New Orleans on a global scale. 

We are getting serious now!

Palm trees grow most abundantly in tropical regions, between 30 degrees South and 30 degrees North on the globe. 

Funny enough, the coordinates of New Orleans see the city at just over 29 degrees North, making the city the best place in the entire state to flourish- geographically and otherwise. 

Now, as we mentioned, there are many types of palm trees. New Orleans is not suitable for all of them.

Lucky for you, we have compiled a list of how to grow some of the hardier trees that will do well on the Southeastern coast of the Bayou state.

Best Palm Trees To Grow In New Orleans

You should plant palm trees between May and August when the soil is warm and ready to help some little palm trees establish themselves as a fixture within the dirt. 

You’ll always want to inquire about… bum, bum, bum, the hardiness of your palm tree when you are buying it. 

We keep circling back to this factor, but it is potentially the most significant one.  

When temperatures drop in the winter months, you do not want to find out you selected the wrong variety of palm tree. Do this the easy way, not the hard way. 

Anywhere you purchase a palm tree from can tell you the approximate hardiness of the tree, and which zone you should plant it in. 

If your zone does not match up with a tree- do not force it. 

Simply buy a hardier tree. We promise it is easier than dealing with a tree dying during its first winter. 

Unless you can afford to move based on the type of palm tree you prefer, this is the best way to go about buying a palm.

You can learn about 825 different species of palm tree in The Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms. This includes information about their hardiness zones, water and nutrient needs, and over 900 photos for identification.

Without further ado, some of the hardiest palm trees to plant in New Orleans:

Palmetto Palm Tree

Green Small Palm Tree: Little Palmetto in a Garden.

Also known as the ‘cabbage palm’ for its edible leaves that form a heart similar to an artichoke, this tree is pretty great.

The sabal palmetto tree is best suited for areas with the hardiness zone 8, which makes up much of the region’s ranking. Even in areas with a higher hardiness zone, this tree can thrive. 

This tree needs hot and humid temperatures to do well, so NOLA is just the spot to plant a palmetto.

Jelly Palm Tree

This tree does its best in hardiness zones 9-11, which is pretty perfect for the New Orleans region. 

You may wonder why it is called a jelly palm.

This tree is called the pindo palm but grows edible fruits with a large amount of pectin in them. 

Pectin is typically used as a thickener for jellies and jams, hence the ‘jelly palm’ name.

The more you know!

Low maintenance, slow-growing, and resilient- this tree does well enough in drained soil and can even survive droughts. While it will not be necessary along the coast, it is good to know the jelly palm (Butiá capitata) is versatile and well-adjusted.

Windmill Palm Tree

palm leaf of trachycarpus fortunei close up view

The windmill palm does well in hardiness zones 7-11. With an adaptable palm tree like this one, it’s no wonder it can do so well in the hot New Orleans summer and the cooler months of the year. 

Plant this palm in some porous, fertile, moist, and well-drained (if possible) soil. 

Perhaps this plant will do well a little way inland, in regions that have tendencies that are a little less, well… swampy.

Canary Island Date Palm Trees

Some of the most common palm trees in Louisiana overall, the Canary Island Date palm tree is a signature tree in New Orleans. These palm trees grow best in hardiness zones 9-11, and can reach heights of up to 60ft tall!

That’s A Wrap!

Well, that is pretty much all we’ve got for now!

As much as we would love to talk about the thousands of species of palms that could do well in the Crescent City, we should let you go. 

The main takeaway is palm trees not only survive but truly thrive in the sunny yet damp region of the Southeastern United States.

Remember the key reasons that New Orleans is so well-suited for palm trees to grow:

  • Low Altitude
  • Humid Subtropical Climate
  • A Coastal Location
  • Lots of Sun
  • Close (Enough) to the Equator

I hope this piece helps you appreciate the versatility of palm trees and the great growing environment of New Orleans all at the same time. 

As you continue along your tree journey, remember to check back in for new tips, tricks, and bits of information that may just change your life. 

A little dramatic? Maybe, maybe not. Anyway, see you next time!

References

Bomhard, M. L. (1950). Palm trees in the United States (No. 22). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.

Costa, I. D. J. S., Costa, B. N. S., Assis, F. A. D., Martins, A. D., Pio, L. A. S., & Pasqual, M. (2018). Growth and physiology of jelly palm (Butia capitata) grown under colored shade nets. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy40.

Karubian, J., Sork, V. L., Roorda, T., Duraes, R., & Smith, T. B. (2010). Destination‐based seed dispersal homogenizes genetic structure of a tropical palm. Molecular Ecology, 19(8), 1745-1753.

You’ve heard of chewing gum, but did you know that it once came from a tree? Not only that, but gum trees are quite a wide variety that contribute to many household products.

In truth, one of the most common products that come from gum trees is scent-based. Eucalyptus, a type of gum tree, is used to create air fresheners, essential oils, hygiene products, and more. Additionally, eucalyptus trees have many commercial for their wood and are used to create paper.

Below, you will learn about more of the incredible products that have a base in gum tree material, as well as how and why these products are used. So, what are you waiting for? Let’s get to it!

What Is A Gum Tree?

A gum tree is a name that refers to many types of trees in the myrtle family, from eucalyptus (the most well-known) to angophora and corymbia.

The American Sweetgum, to provide one example of the many versions of gum trees, was first mentioned in the diary of a Spanish conquistador, according to Yale University’s Yale Nature Walk

Additionally, the American Sweetgum’s scientific name is Liquidambar styraciflua which means “liquid amber.”

Almost all gum trees are native to Australia unless otherwise noted. In some locations around the world, these trees are considered an invasive species. 

Gum trees produce oils and sap that are very commonly used, along with the wood itself. 

Many times upon looking up gum trees, people come to the conclusion that this name is synonymous with the popular eucalyptus tree. As that is known to be an Australian species and favored by koala bears, this is not completely off-base. 

However, is a gum tree really the exact same thing as a eucalyptus tree?

Let’s talk about it.

Is A Gum Tree The Same As A Eucalyptus Tree?

American sweetgum tree.
American sweetgum tree.

A eucalyptus tree is a type of gum tree, but not all gum trees are eucalyptus. 

If that’s confusing, just think of the way that all squares are rectangles, but not all rectangles can be squares because there are more specific criteria that must be met in that case.

Essentially, ‘gum tree’ is the common name for a whole group of trees. The eucalyptus tree just so happens to be one of the species that fall into that category.

When we talk about the uses of a gum tree, many byproducts end up referring specifically to a eucalyptus tree and its relatives, thanks to the oils and sap produced by varieties like those.

What Is A Gum Tree Used For?

Gum trees are used to create a wide range of products, not limited to just that which stems from their sap.

While hardwood and other wood-based products come from a gum tree, the most common uses of this tree do happen to fall into the category of things that can be tasted or smelled. 

Here are what gum trees are mainly used for:

  • Chewing Gum. This popular sweet treat is among the least surprising byproducts of gum trees, since…well, the name includes the word gum. Created using the sap of a gum tree. Gum trees are actually not commonly used in commercial gum!
  • Air Fresheners. Another household product for many, air fresheners that smell like eucalyptus, typically include oils that come from the tree itself and add a relaxing, natural scent to an indoor space. Not only does this add some relaxation to a place, but it also smells great and can help increase the mental clarity of those near it.
  • Essential Oils. As with most other natural products, essential oils can be produced by gum trees. Uses range from relaxation to mental clarity, energy, and more. These oils have a plethora of benefits that can be felt by those who use them.
  • Medicinal Teas. While eucalyptus essential oils should not be ingested, the medicinal herbal teas that come from these trees are safe to drink. Benefits range from cold and flu remedies to aiding those with asthma to contain its effects.
  • Dental Products. Myriad dental products include eucalyptus in some way, shape, or form. Not only does this add to the flavor and scent of the products, but adds natural bacteria-fighting properties that help prevent gum disease and bad breath.
  • Wood Products. Like other trees, gum trees are also often harvested for the wood that they yield among all of the other parts of the tree that create more unique products.
  • Paper Products. Due to it’s fiber and durability, eucalyptus gum trees are quite commonly used for paper production!

Gum Trees Can Be Used For Chewing Gum

American sweetgum tree.
American sweet gum tree.

Chewing gum is perhaps the least surprising product to come from gum trees, thanks to the name and association.

While many companies now opt for synthetic material in place of turning gum tree sap into this popular product, the origin of chewing gum is not forgotten.

In fact, The University of Houston details the history of chewing gum by noting that our modern-day chewing gum originated in Mexico as ‘tstile,’ now known as chicle.

Chicle is the word for natural gum from trees that our chewing gum is made out of. It is also one of the words used in Spanish when talking about gum- chewing or otherwise. 

Air Fresheners Are Made From Gum Trees

Eucalyptus tends to be a popular scent for people to have in their homes.

Products like this Scent Fill 100% Natural Eucalyptus Plug-In Air Freshener are great examples of gum trees turning into products that we either 1. Use or are 2. Familiar with.

The great thing about products like this is that they can be completely natural. For example, the Scent Fill air freshener is made with eucalyptus essential oil, among other naturally-sourced ingredients. 

There’s nothing like a home that smells nice and being reassured that the products you use do not have unknown substances. 

Eucalyptus Essential Oils Are Made From Gum Trees

Row of eucalyptus trees.
Row of eucalyptus trees.

Essential oils have seemed to be all the rage in the last decade, but aromatherapy has been around for millennia.

Penn State University details how, in ancient times, aromatherapy had roots in spiritual practices, which morphed over time into the understanding of herbalism as more of a medicinal, health-centric concept.

Products like this Ethereal Nature 100% Pure Oil utilizes the properties of eucalyptus in a way that can be used as a skin or hair care product, as well as something that can be safely diffused into the air. Don’t ingest eucalyptus oil.

Additional uses for this product range from massage oil to a supplement to baths. This oil is used to relieve tension and promote relaxation while simultaneously boosting energy and mental clarity. All around, this is a great way to practice simple aromatherapy at home. 

Another topical use has to do with blemishes on the skin. Eucalyptus oil can be mixed with water (about 3 or 4 times as much as the amount of oil you use) to place on any spots. 

Medicinal Teas From Gum Trees (Eucalyptus)

While eucalyptus essential oil should never be ingested, there are eucalyptus products that can be, when made by those who know how to properly and safely do so.

This Hanan Eucalyptus Tea, for example, is completely safe, healthy, and rather beneficial to drink. 

Not only is this herbal tea relaxing, but it can also help with respiratory comfort when it comes to helping contain the effects of asthma or other respiratory issues.

The same way that eucalyptus is used in medicinal teas, it can also be added to cough drops, decongestants, and other cold remedies. 

Tea like this helps to target bronchial symptoms of asthma or viral infections (such as colds and cases of flu.)

The benefits of using this kind of tea have been used in Peru for ages, as well as many other countries. 

Eucalyptus (Gum Tree) Dental Products

Eucalyptus tree leaves.
Eucalyptus tree leaves.

Toothpaste and mouthwashes, especially products focusing on natural bases, tend to include eucalyptus oil due to the natural bacteria-fighting properties of the oil.

Not only can eucalyptus oil help to create better-smelling breath in the short term, but it also works with you in a long-term capacity as it fights bacteria that cause bad breath in the first place.

Gum Trees (Eucalyptus) Are Made Into Wood Products

Gum trees, like many others, have wood that is used in cabinetry, furniture, doors, paneling, plywood, palettes, and more. 

The grain of this wood tends to be very consistent, so it is great for aesthetically-focused pieces where you want the grain to be real but also to look good! It’s functional too, though, in that it repels moisture well and is a very sturdy type of wood that can be trusted in projects.

Benefits Of Eucalyptus Wood

You can use any (or even all) of these wood products for renovating a space, redecorating, and more similar projects that require you to build something.

Some benefits of eucalyptus wood are that this type of wood tends to be resistant to rot and decay, and the wood is a beautiful color that darkens over time. So, you could say that this kind of wood ages very well!

Another benefit is that this is a very sustainable type of wood, especially when there are myriad other uses for every part of this tree, and not just the wood. 

When people think of cutting down trees, it is often the wood that gets the majority of users. In this case, it is actually the opposite.

All of the eucalyptus products (and those from other types of gum trees) that we hear about so often, including in this piece, ensure that these trees are completely appreciated and utilized.

Paper Is Made From Gum Trees (Eucalyptus)

A close up shot of Eucalyptus bark.
A close up shot of eucalyptus tree bark.

Yup, it’s true! Eucalyptus, a species of gum tree, is one of the most commonly used trees for paper production. Simply put, the quality of the wood in combination with its hardness and fiber makes it ideal for paper production.

In general, eucalyptus gum trees are native to South America, Australia, and the Philippines.

Wrapping It Up!

Gum trees can clearly be used to produce a range of goods, from edible products to furniture, hygiene products, and so much more. 

This versatile range of trees may see most of their popular byproducts yielded by the eucalyptus tree, but species such as the America Sugargum should not be overlooked. Each tree has something different to offer!

When we talk about gum trees, now you’ll know about their many benefits and uses. A truly incredible tree that can be utilized in so many ways deserves to be well-known. 

We hope that this piece helped to pique your interest in learning more about these wonderful organisms. 

That’s all we have for now, but we’re hoping to share more about gum trees with you soon. 

As always, thanks for reading and continuing to grow on your own tree journey!

References

Coppen, J. J. (Ed.). (2002). Eucalyptus: the genus eucalyptus. CrC Press.

Doughty, R. W. (2000). The eucalyptus: a natural and commercial history of the gum tree. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Farhadi, D., Karimi, A., Sadeghi, G., Sheikhahmadi, A., Habibian, M., Raei, A., & Sobhani, K. (2017). Effects of using eucalyptus (Eucalyptusglobulus L.) leaf powder and its essential oil on growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Iranian journal of veterinary research18(1), 60–62.

That extra green, drapey stuff hanging all over your oak trees, well, that’s moss. Although, based on personal preference, by something you like the look of or don’t, moss on your oak tree indeed doesn’t mean too much and usually doesn’t do much harm to your tree. 

Moss is a nonvascular flowering plant, an epiphyte that grows on oak trees. In most cases, moss does not need to be removed from a healthy oak tree. Unless moss is abundant on your oak tree, moss is rarely the cause of significant oak tree damage and can be monitored and left alone.

Moss is commonly seen on oak trees, especially mature ones, and moss will use the oak tree as its host for as long as possible. However, you may be wondering – how did moss get on my oak tree in the first place? Keep on reading to learn a bit about moss and what it means for your oak trees. 

Tree Moss: What is It?

Moss is part of the Bromeliad family of plants, and believe it or not – the Bromeliad family consists of moss, pineapples, and succulents! What an interesting mix, right? 

Moss, pineapples, and succulents are epiphytes – meaning, they are plants that are not parasitic and will grow on other host plants without taking nutrients from them. 

Moss is a nonvascular plant, which means it doesn’t have any vessels or roots. Because of its nonvascular makeup – moss isn’t able to collect nutrients from its nearby plants, and instead, moss collects water and nutrients from the air! 

Instead of roots, moss has rhizoids, which are small hair-like structures, which keep the moss in place. The best way to describe it would be like small, little suction cups clinging to their surroundings. 

Dating back to 450 million years ago, there are so many different variations of moss, and moss can be seen in almost all and every climate – all moss needs to survive is moisture. 

How Does Moss Grow on Oak Trees?

bark covered with moss on the trunk of a tree close up

Moss grows because the environment is perfect – that’s really all it takes to grow moss. 

Moss is self-disciplined and doesn’t need help from other plants or us for it to grow successfully. However, the one thing it does need is moisture, and that comes from the air! 

Growing rapidly, moss will grow on almost any surface – plants, pavements, buildings – wherever the conditions see fit, moss will suddenly appear. 

And it’s true – it’s almost as if they suddenly appear. Like fungi, moss grows from spores – however, moss is not fungi at all. When dust particles mix with moisture and nutrients in the air – moss suddenly begins to form. 

Moss can grow to prosperous ranks within 6 weeks! This fast-growing plant can take over gardens, lawns, trees, and other landscaping, and although some people love the look of it – others cannot stand it! 

But have no fear – moss almost never causes harm directly to your oak tree. And if you feel your oak tree is being harmed, there is a good chance that it has an underlying issue going on. 

But you may be wondering – why are oak trees susceptible to moss in the first place? Well, we’re going to tell you right now!

If you’re interested in planting an oak tree and worried about moss growing on it, you should read our guide on planting an oak tree in your backyard here.

Moss Needs Dark and Humid Conditions to Grow on Oak Trees

Have you ever noticed when walking through a forest that there is a lot of moss? Well, the reason why moss is typically seen in forests is because of how much shade is in forests from all the tree’s canopies!

Moss needs shade and moisture to grow – making a forest an ideal climate. 

Even without rain, a forest has so much moisture because of all the trees that are around, and because of that, the air itself has more moisture in it, and then the mix of the two creates the perfect foundation for moss to form! 

Because of how fond it is with shade and moisture, there are certain trees that are perfection in moss’ eyes – one being the oak tree!

Moss Prefers Oak Trees 

Do oak trees love moss, or do moss love oak trees? The question of the year, right here. But the fact is – moss loves oak trees. Oak trees provide the perfect home for moss to grow, and the reason has to directly do with the makeup of the tree itself. 

Oak trees are wide and tall and provide an abundance of shade because of their wide canopies. They have a plethora of branches to provide areas for moss to grow.

In truth, many oak variations, especially white oak trees, have deep ridges in their barks that hold moisture and are typically damp and provides a dark area for moss to breed. 

If you’re interested in the difference between white and red oak trees, you can read more about their major differences here.

All around, oak trees provide the perfect conditions for moss because moss needs a dark, humid space to grow. Once those conditions are met, moss grows out of control and will hold on to its host for as long as it can – and it will mingle with its host to stay afloat.

Moss Needs Branches if it’s Growing on Oak Trees

You wouldn’t think that moss needs branches to survive, but indirectly, it does if it’s growing on a tree. 

Because moss is nonvascular – it doesn’t have any roots and doesn’t adhere to anything on its own; therefore, it needs other ways to support itself and to keep it in place, and that’s where branches come in handy. 

When moss starts to grow on trees, it naturally will spread upwards and out and will start to hang over branches and limbs – this is what keeps it in place and growing. 

Without branches, moss would merely be hanging on to the small ridges that come from the bark, and that would not be enough for moss to support itself.

But are all moss the same? When thinking of hanging on branches, the go-to moss image that comes to mind is – really hangy moss – but there are a few types of moss that hang out on oak trees.

Types of Moss that Grow on Oak Trees

There are three common types of moss that grow on oaks trees – Spanish moss, mall moss, and common haircap moss. All the moss are generally similar in nature but vary in appearance. 

Spanish Moss

A huge old oak tree draped with Spanish moss.
A huge old oak tree draped with Spanish moss.

Native to Mexico, Spanish moss is seen in the more Southern parts of the United States and in tropical environments. With its chandelierlike stature, Spanish Moss resembles light pendants hanging from a ceiling, providing trees with a very fairy-like ethereal appearance.

Wherever Spanish Moss grows, you typically see a lot of it throughout the location. Spanish moss is usually in the lower canopies of trees, and because of its non-parasitic nature, causes no harm to a tree. 

However, it is important to understand that moss also can grow in sunlight, and if you happen to see a lot of moss on your oak tree – the canopy may be thinning and letting the sun in, and if so, the more humidity arises, and the more likely moss will grow. 

We write a little bit more on Spanish moss on your trees in our piece on tree moss in Florida here.

Ball Moss

Tillandsia recurvata (ball moss) aerial Plant in Baja California Sur Mexico.
Tillandsia recurvata (ball moss) aerial Plant in Baja California Sur Mexico.

Much like Spanish moss, ball moss grows on trees; however, it’s truly shaped in a ball-like cluster shape. 

Ball moss has pseudo-roots; it appears to be gripping onto something. However, since Ball moss intertwines and encircles whatever it is on, the reason it sticks to oak trees is because of its wrapping nature, and it doesn’t have roots at all.

However, unlike Spanish moss – ball moss can cause a bit more problems for your oak tree. Because of how tightly wound ball moss can get, it can stop a tree from developing buds, especially if it’s wrapped around branches, which over time will stop the oak tree growth, and the tree will get damaged. 

Common Haircap Moss

Polytrichastrum formosum commonly called haircap moss or hair moss.
Polytrichastrum formosum commonly called haircap moss or hair moss.

Common haircap moss is seen throughout heavily humid areas, with a lot of rainfall – and is the most common type of moss throughout the United States of America. 

Common haircap moss is one of the tallest growing moss and can grow as tall as 30 cm. Haircap moss has piney stems, and leaves can range from 6-12 mm. Common haircap can be seen on your oak trees, especially in Ohio and Illinois. 

Overall, common haircap moss looks like a little like a small, green fireworks display stemming up from its roots… wild!

Should You Remove Moss From Your Oak Tree?

The question that still remains is – if moss is on your oak tree, should you remove it? Well, it depends on a few things. 

If moss is on your oak tree and your tree looks to be in healthy condition, moss does not need to be removed. If moss is on your oak tree, and your tree is declining in health, it may be due to moss damage, but in most cases is due to a different oak tree affliction.

If you’re wondering if your tree damage is moss-related, you can read our piece on the most common oak tree afflictions here.

In fact, if it is moss-related, it most likely has to do with a scenario that is often seen with ball moss – that it is so intertwined on the branches of the tree that it may be stopping the tree’s buds from growing. 

Another reason as to whether you should remove moss or not is merely based on personal preference – it’s just what you like! 

Moss draping from branches like Spanish moss is said to provide a very regal and, yet, historical look to your oak tree. But to some, it can look like a webby mess or dirty! It’s truly a matter of preference. 

However, if you do choose to remove it, there are certain ways to remove moss! 

How to Remove Moss from an Oak Tree 

Removing moss from an oak tree can be relatively easy if you have the right tools and catch it quick enough – however, it is way easier when moss is just appearing on your trees than when it’s been there for 6 weeks or more. 

Remember, it takes moss 6 weeks for moss to truly prosper – and once it starts, it’s never going back! When moss is lively and green, it’s living its best life – however, this can be the hardest time to remove it, especially if been there for more than that 6-week period. 

On the contrary, if moss is ashy and white, it may be one of the easiest times to remove moss – but either way, there are some steps to take to remove it! 

However, it is always best to check in with a professional before you start removing moss on your own. 

Option 1: Use a Soft Brush to Remove Moss 

Using a soft brush, scrub brush, or broom with soft bristles – is a great place to start the moss-removal experience. By taking the brush and scrubbing the moss, adding extra pressure to bigger clumps of moss and less pressure to smaller, thinner clumps, you may be able to loosen up the moss or fully remove some of its pieces. 

A great brush to try out, especially if there are a lot of crevices where the moss is lying, is Moss Removal Deck Crevice Tool, specifically made for decks; this can be a good brush to add to your toolbox for hard to reach moss removal. 

If using a soft brush isn’t doing the full job, the next step to take would be to pick at it with your hands! 

Option 2: Use Your Hands to Remove Moss

Taking full precaution, as moss can have bugs in it and it can be prickly, wearing elbow-length, thornproof gloves, use your hands to move the moss around and to lightly tug at it. Do not grab the moss tightly, as you can hurt yourself. 

If you are in need of some thorn-proof gloves that are perfect for all types of gardening, you may want to check out Acdyion Gardening Gloves for Women/Men!

If you don’t want to touch moss, grab a nearby stick or twig, or use a tool like a rake, and see if you can get underneath the moss a little bit and loosen it from the tree. 

If you feel this step is appropriate action to take, but you are unsure how, please check in with a professional before doing so. 

Option 3: Use a Pole Saw or Pruning Tool For Hard-to-Reach Moss 

One last way that can help with the moss removal and can be done as the last step when the moss is dead is to use a pole saw or pruning tool to actually cut any remaining moss that is hanging high on the branches. 

Since moss, like Spanish moss, drapes over branches, sometimes for it to let go, it needs to be cut away because with its wrapping nature – moss can be tightly wound and impossible to loosen up! 

However, do not stand directly underneath falling moss – as it contains bugs and can be prickly and irritate you. 

If you want to try this method, check out this easy-to-use pole saw Greenworks 40V 8-Inch Cordless Pole Saw, it’s cordless, so it’s perfect for those hard-to-reach places!

Where Else Does Moss Grow?

Moss will grow on almost any hard surface. The most common spots are barks, pavements, on rocks, on the ground, on lawns, and even on houses, roofs, and other man-made structures. 

Polytrichum formosum (Common haircap moss)
Polytrichum formosum (Common haircap moss)

Moss doesn’t discriminate when it comes to its choice of the host location; however, all that matters is that for moss to grow, the environment needs to be right. 

You will find moss in any location where moisture is abundant. Have you ever noticed the plants around a small creek or river? When there is water present, and especially in forests where shade is everywhere, moss will grow alongside the creeks and water supply and create a truly ethereal landscape.

The greener the moss, the more alive it is, and the more it will flourish. And in our opinion, that blanket-like appearance of the plant, especially when growing on rocks and close-to-the-ground plants, is something out of a fairytale – it’s an unbelievable, breath-taking sight to see. 

That’s a Wrap!

Moss can either be something out of a fairytale – or a big mess on your oak trees! Completely up to personal preference, moss can be an asset or a disadvantage to your oak trees and landscape. 

When dealing with moss, more times than not, it is harmless; however, if it’s not to your liking, you have every right to remove it from your trees and property!

However, always take precautions when you start to remove moss and check in with a professional before doing so.

If you’re interested in learning more about planting oak trees, check out our guide on the best oak trees to plant here!

References

Birge, W. I. (1911). The Anatomy and Some Biological Aspects of the” Ball Moss,”: Tillandsia recurvata L (No. 20). University of Texas.

Drda, G. S., & Wyatt, R. (1990). Genetic variation in the common hair-cap moss, Polytrichum commune. Systematic Botany, 592-605.

Garth, R. E. (1964). The ecology of Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides): its growth and distribution. Ecology45(3), 470-481.

For birch trees, naturally peeling bark is part of its growth cycle. As the tree grows and the trunk increases in width, the older bark pushes out from the more central parts of the tree, dries, and falls off.

Birch bark can be tempting to peel because it is beautiful. If you peel birch bark too early, you risk damaging the tree. You can safely peel off birch tree bark if the bark comes off with little resistance and is less than 1/4th inches thick. This is bark that the birch tree is already shedding.

Read on to learn the reasons birch bark can fall off naturally and why you should not peel it off yourself. We will also discuss what to look for to distinguish between natural bark peeling and an underlying issue affecting the tree’s health.

Why Do People Peel Off Tree Bark?

There are a few reasons people purposely peel away tree bark. Sometimes they use bark to make things, other times it is for the care or removal of the tree.

People have peeled bark to create things like baskets, boats, and parts of shelters in the past. Peeled birch bark, as well as the substance that holds the layers together, have also been used to make medicine.

A tree may also get damaged and need to be removed. People might peel away the bark on a tree they intend to get rid of. Peeling away the tree’s bark will cause the tree to die and dry out faster over a season, making the tree much lighter and easier to remove.

Why Does Birch Tree Bark Peel?

There are several reasons bark can peel from a tree. Bark may peel simply because the tree is shedding a layer of protection it no longer needs.

In other cases, bark may peel from many underlying conditions. Peeling bark can signal that a tree is suffering from some type of illness or disease. It may also be a sign of insect infestation that is damaging the tree and causing the bark to peel away.

Some tree bark peels because the moisture conditions or drainage are off for a tree. In any circumstance where you notice the bark of a tree peeling, you will want to investigate these potential causes.

Interesting to note that birch peel bark doesn’t just peel like typical tree bark but in-fact, according to the University of Vermont’s Department of Plant and Soil Science, birch tree bark actually peels in sheets.

Fungi Can Cause Birch Tree Bark To Peel

Bug infestation, frost, and water damage are not the only enemies of your birch tree’s health. There is one more we have yet to touch on.

Fungi can cause bark to peel before it should. Hypoxylon canker is one of the common fungi capable of causing bark peeling. Unfortunately, it is not a treatable disease.

If you are not sure whether your tree is naturally peeling or if it is being affected by an underlying cause, contact a professional arborist. They can inspect your tree and give you a more definitive answer.

Popular Uses For Birch Bark

Ancient ancient birch baskets. Products from birch bark

Though there are safe ways to collect birch bark, if you are looking for crafting materials, this Natural Birch Bark is a great find! It comes in three sizes for all of your craft making needs and is just as beautiful as what you can collect yourself, with less of the hassle.

Birch bark has had many uses throughout history. Traditionally, people have used it to construct useful items like baskets, shelters, boats, and weapons. It was used as paper before the invention of modern-day paper as well.

Items like canoes, dishes, cookware, and even art were made from birch bark by Native American tribes near the Great Lakes. Canoes made from birch bark are lightweight and naturally water-resistant, making them perfect for early construction.

The powdery substance in between the layers of birch bark has been used as a natural painkiller as well. People have used many parts of the birch tree for medicinal uses throughout the years. Always consult a doctor before treating yourself in any way.

A quick note, if you’re interested, check out the reasons why birch trees can’t grow in shade here.

Why You Should Not Peel Bark Off Of A Birch Tree

There are multiple reasons you should not peel the bark off of a birch tree. Several things can damage a birch tree if you peel away the bark.

If the bark on a tree is very loose, this is a signal that the tree no longer needs that piece of wood. This process is akin to a shedding of skin that is no longer needed as a protective layer.

However, if the bark is still attached, this can harm the tree in multiple ways.

Peeling Bark Can Harm The Inner Bark

Texture of birch trunk, divided into two parts - with bark and without bark. Damage to trees. Firewood for stove. Close-up is part of tree with top layer of bark torn off, in sunlight. space for text

If a birch tree begins to peel in a natural shedding as a result of the tree growing, the old bark will usually fall off of the tree in its own time. It is not recommended to peel away tree bark. 

If you peel bark that is not yet ready, you might pull off more than the tree is ready to shed. Over peeling birch tree bark can harm the tree.

When tree bark is over peeled past the layers it is naturally shedding, the underlayers of the tree may not be fully ready to be exposed. Areas of a tree with prematurely peeled bark are vulnerable to weather, unfavorable moisture conditions, or bug infestations.

Birch Trees Can Get Sick From Exposed Bark

Birch trees can suffer from many illnesses. When bark is peeling unnaturally, this could be a sign that a tree is already suffering from an attack of boring bugs. It could also result from any other number of unfavorable conditions caused by weather or where the tree is growing. 

Peeling the bark of a birch tree leaves it more susceptible to disease. Without their natural defenses, trees will struggle to thrive.

In an article from Iowa State University, the authors note that peeling bark is typical of certain trees, including birch trees, and is a natural sign of tree growth. As the tree grows, it pushes the older bark from the center of the tree. The outer bark then dries and sheds.

Removing Bark From A Birch Tree Can Leave It Vulnerable

Tree bark acts like our skin acts for us. It is the first line of defense and protection for your tree. Any signs of distress can signal a deeper issue with the tree underneath.

A birch tree that has had its tree bark removed can be vulnerable to frost. It can also be susceptible to excess moisture that can become trapped under loosened bark layers and cause fungal issues.

Any area where the bark has been prematurely peeled is an area left open to potential damage.

Exposed Inner Bark Can Stop The Flow Of Nutrients 

If you peel bark from a birch tree, the tree may also suffer from a lack of nutrients.

A tree gets its nutrients in different ways, and one of the most important for the birch tree lies underneath the outer bark of the tree. There is a nutrient transport system under the outer layer of bark that helps nutrients travel where they need to go.

If you peel away birch tree bark, you can damage this nutrient transport system, called the phloem, and the tree can die. If the bark is removed in a ring around the entire tree, and this layer is damaged, it spells disaster for your tree. The tree roots will die and the tree will need to be removed.

Now if you actually need to remove tree roots, you can get rid of tree roots using vinegar.

Peeling Bark Can Leave A Birch Tree Open To Frost Damage

During the winter, trees can suffer from a few different types of damage. Some of this damage is referred to as load damage. This type of damage usually affects the branches or the trunk of the tree.

Heavy snowfalls and ice that remain for long periods of time on tree branches can cause significant damage. If this occurs, otherwise healthy branches may snap under the weight of heavy frosts, ice, and snow.

In other cases, the bark itself can be damaged by freezing temperatures. Sometimes, tree bark itself can suffer from freeze damage. This happens when bark that is already slightly peeling freezes and cracks.

These freeze cracks can happen as a result of sunscald as well. The outer layer of your tree loses some of its cold hardiness when temperatures warm up, which is referred to as sunscald. If the temperature drops again quickly, like from day to night, frost cracks can form.

The south-facing side of your tree is the most prone to damage. When this happens, the area underneath the tree bark can become susceptible to further frost damage.

Peeling Birch Tree Bark And Bug Infestations

The wood borer on a birch trunk

Keeping your trees free of bug infestation is most definitely important. Peeling the bark off of your birch tree will make this more difficult. Look out for signs of infestation before it is too late!

In an article from Oregon State University, the author discusses the damage caused by a pest called the bronzed birch borer. These pests had a pattern of infestations in birch trees around the Oregon area. 

It’s noted that tree damage from these types of insects, who specifically target birch trees, can be hard to spot until there is already significant damage done. They also write that it is important to consider how much of a tree has been damaged before attempting to treat it. 

If over 40% – 50% of a tree has suffered damage, it probably does not make sense to try to save it. At this point, tree removal is the best option.

When Is A Good Time To Peel Tree Bark?

In the article, Harvesting And Use Of Birch Bark by the Michigan Agency Forestry, the author notes that if you remove birch bark correctly, it does not harm the tree.

When attempting to remove birch tree bark, one should look for already loosened bark that comes off with very little resistance and is less than 1/4 inches thick.

They also note that birch bark can be harvested from pieces that have already fallen off of the trees. In fact, this is the preferred way to collect birch bark.

If you are ever building with logs, this is when it is important to peel away outer bark. If you leave loose bark on a tree log, it becomes a boat for moisture, rot, bugs, and other problems of deterioration. 

Wrapping Up

As birch trees grow, their bark will dry, peel, and fall off the tree on its own. Peeling birch bark is a natural occurrence for this type of tree. If you have a birch tree and you notice it is peeling, check the tree for any signs of damage. 

Look for frost damage, pest damage, or fungal damage when checking your tree’s health. If you do not see any other signs of damage, you probably have a healthy birch tree that is just going through its natural cycle of shedding old bark. 

In either case, avoid peeling the bark from your birch trees to avoid causing damage to the tree. If you are unsure whether your birch tree is healthy, contact a professional who can come out and check the health of your tree just to be on the safe side.

References

Katovich, Steven, et al. “How to grow and maintain a healthy birch tree.” NA-FR-02-97.[Radnor, PA]: US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Area State & Private Forestry 297 (1997).

Lines, Roger. “Man’s use of birch—past and present.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B: Biological Sciences 85.1-2 (1984): 203-213.

Shorohova, Ekaterina, et al. `Tree species traits are the predominant control on the decomposition rate of tree log bark in a mesic old-growth boreal forest.” Forest Ecology and Management

Fletcher, Lucie, et al. “The use of birch bark.” Star Carr 2 (2018): 419e435.

There are a lot of things to love about oak trees. They are tall, beautiful, and very hardy. They can even house hundreds of different species of birds, insects, and other critters. Unfortunately, oak trees can also house many harmful or destructive varieties of fungi. 

To prevent fungus from affecting your oak tree, apply mulch, prune your oak during the dormant season, and avoid any injury to the tree that exposes the inner layers. For active oak tree fungus, prune affected branches and apply fungicide.

Reading on further will give you the information to identify, treat, and prevent some of the most common fungi you may see on your oak tree. Some oak tree species are resistant to certain fungus, while others are very vulnerable.  

What Does Oak Tree Fungus Look Like? 

There are three different ways you can tell if there is a fungus on your tree. The most obvious is seeing mushrooms growing out of the tree or around its base. Fungi may also look like a dusting over the bark

Other signs of fungus invading your tree are unusual growth, discoloration, and wilting of the leaves. The bark may have cankers, scabs, or discoloration as well. 

If you notice any of these things, your best bet is to call in a professional. A professional arborist will be able to diagnose and treat the tree properly without all the guessing work on your part. 

Fungi is not the only issue your tree may encounter. To educate yourself on the most likely culprits, check out our article: What’s Wrong With My Oak Tree?

How Did My Oak Tree Get Fungus On It? 

Your oak tree has fungus on it for a variety of reasons. For starters, fungi is EVERYWHERE. There will always be fungus near your tree. It is a part of the ecosystem.  

Fungal spores travel to your tree by wind, rain, improperly cleaned tools, and animal and human movement. Fungus can attach to the bottom of your shoes and travel all over your yard and oak trees as you walk around. The possibilities for spreading fungi are endless.  

So instead of wondering how to prevent fungus from coming near your oak tree, since that is impossible, your best bet is to keep the oak tree’s “immune system” as healthy as possible.

Next up is a list of some of the most common types of fungus and what to do about it if your oak tree has it. 

Types Of Oak Tree Fungus And How To Prevent And Remove Them

There are a variety of fungi that affect oak trees that mimic each other. This means it is very important to identify which type it is before treating it because there are different treatments for different fungus.

I’ve written some information for you below about the species, identification, ways to cure oak fungus (when possible), and ways to prevent fungus from coming back. You will be more prepared once you are done reading! 

Oak Anthracnose  

Oak anthracnose, or apiognomonia errabunda, is known as a type of leaf spot or leaf blight disease. They love the cool and wet weather of spring.

The effects of the fungus look awful, but luckily the damage never fully eliminates the tree. However, repeated attacks by this fungus will leave your tree vulnerable to other problems. 

The fungus begins on the leaves and is dormant during the winter months. Once it warms up a little, the spores release and travel to other leaves.

The fungus will then produce more spores and spread to other leaves until the weather heats up and becomes dry. This will usually slow down or stop the fungus.

Light rain will also increase the spread of the fungus by carrying spores through the droplets that splash up when they hit the ground.  

According to the University of Minnesota, you can tell if your oak tree has this fungus through the leaves. The leaf veins will become brown or black and look like they have been scorched. 

You will see the leaves of the lower branches of the tree become discolored first. Then it will spread upwards. Young leaves may be distorted or fall off depending on the severity of the anthracnose.

Anthracnose spreading among oak trees is just one of the ways oak trees can cause damage.

How Do I Fix Anthracnose On My Oak Tree?

To stop the fungus from spreading to other parts of the tree, you should properly prune off the affected branches or twigs. Fungicide is not necessary unless it is a long-term probelm. It will do nothing once the leaves have become discolored. 

You can prevent oak anthracnose from coming back next year by raking up all the leaves from your yard. The fungus will live and produce spores on the fallen leaves if they are still there come spring. 

Artist’s Conk 

Ganoderma applanatum on the roots.

Ganoderma applanatum or artist’s conk is a decaying fungus affecting any size oak that rots the heartwood of the tree. The heartwood is the most inner part of the tree trunk. As it decays the lowest part of the trunk, the tree becomes a hazard for falling over or being uprooted. 

You will know your tree has this fungus if the leaves are yellow, wilted, or smaller than usual. You will also see the mushroom, or conk, grow around tree limbs, the base of the tree, and any exposed roots. The conks grow in shelves that are brown with white or gray edges. 

Unfortunately, if you see these mushrooms or cankers appear on your tree, then the death of the tree is coming in 3-5 years. There is no way to cure artist’s conk. The best thing to do is to remove the tree, its roots, and the soil from the area.  

How Do I Prevent Artist’s Conk On My Oak Tree? 

You can prevent artist’s conk or Ganoderma root rot from making your oak tree its home in three ways:

  • Maintain the amount of water your tree gets
  • Line the tree with mulch
  • Use soil care products to improve the health of the tree will all help protect your tree

Avoid injuring the oak tree as the wound will leave it vulnerable to the fungus. 

Armillaria Root Rot  

Group of yellow armillaria on forest ground

Armillaria root rot is also known as shoestring root rot, mushroom root rot, or toadstool. Armillaria mellea loves wet summers and moist soil and grows quickly when plants are over-watered. 

It is parasitic to other plants as well, including lilac and daffodils. It spreads and damages oak trees by the roots. The fungus reaches across to affect neighboring roots. Once it touches the root, it decays the wood and destroys the oak bark by dissolving it. 

The first sign of armillaria root rot is when the shoots are stunted, oak leaves become discolored, and an unusual number of leaves fall. Honey-colored mushrooms pop up around the base of the tree during late summer and fall. 

If the tree’s root system has been taken over by armillaria fungus, then you should remove the oak tree and its stump immediately, or else you will spread it to other plants. 

How Do I Prevent Armillaria Root Rot On My Oak Tree? 

To prevent this from taking over your oak trees and landscape, you should first make sure you are not over-watering them. Check your oak trees often for signs of ailments. 

Do not plant one of the host plants in your yard either. You create a breeding ground for the fungus to grow and spread that way. 

Fungi will grow easier on stressed-out trees. Reduce oak tree stress by mulching around the tree (only 2-3 inches high), taking care not to wound the tree with lawn tools, avoiding over-watering, and pruning in the dormant season. This is the best way to keep this fungus at bay! 

Check out our piece Best Time To Trim Oak Trees + Trimming Calendar And Tips to learn more about proper pruning! It is a very important step to keeping your tree healthy.

Sudden Oak Death 

This type of fungus is known as Phytophthora ramorum formed by a water mold. It is known for the mass damage it has caused to oaks along the West coast.  

It even affects other plants like rhododendron and around one hundred other species. According to the Ohio State University, it was introduced to the country through rhododendrons sold in retail stores. Crazy! 

Any plant hosting this oak tree fungus planted six feet or less from an oak tree may be affected. There is not a lot of evidence explaining how the fungus spreads, but scientists guess it is spread through rain, wind, and humans or animals as they travel through forests. 

If you have white oaks, have no fear! Only red and intermediate oaks can be affected by this fungus. 

How Do I Know My Oak Tree Has Sudden Oak Death? 

It is a little difficult to identify sudden oak death because it mimics a lot of other oak tree afflictions.

You should keep an eye out for trunk cankers, which look like red-brown or black wounds oozing red or amber sap. You will see these cankers anywhere from 4 to 6 feet above the soil line. 

Some other signs of sudden oak death are leaf loss over time or sudden browning and falling of leaves. It can take 2 years or less for the oak to perish.

Unfortunately, there is no cure for sudden oak death. You can use a fungicide to lighten the symptoms, but it will just delay the inevitable.  

If you think your tree has this, call a local arborist as soon as possible to diagnose and prevent spread.  

What Do I Do If My Oak Tree Has Sudden Oak Death? 

Redwood mulch around the base of Oak trees to help hold in moisture with shallow dept of field

If your tree has sudden oak death, you can either delay it from happening or remove the tree altogether. 

If you are delaying it and want to enjoy your oak longer, immediately prune any affected branches. Spray the cankers and other affected areas with fungicide. 

When you prune, sanitize the pruning tools you used with bleach to prevent the spread.

I recommend using the Reliant Systemic Fungicide (Agri-Fos/Garden Phos) on your tree to extend its life because it has phosphonate, which is very effective against this specific fungus. Some experts suggest using a fungicide injection to put into the trunk. 

You should also put mulch around the tree (2 to 3 inches high) and fertilize it. Do not let the area get too wet, there should be good drainage. 

However, the best choice for dealing with an affected tree is to cut it down. Eventually, it will become a falling risk.  

Then, check the plants in the area for symptoms. Spray the phosphonate fungicide around host plants and trees, but only if the affliction is present already. Paying attention to your oak is key to stopping the spread of the fungus to other trees.

Oak Leaf Blister  

Oak leaf blister, also known as taphrina caerulescens, commonly affects many oak tree species. Red oaks are notorious for this fungus! You’ll see oak leaf blister in the spring during cool, wet weather.  

Oak leaf blister spreads by wind and rain onto buds and twigs of the tree. It will lay dormant in the winter and grow when the spring hits and new leaves have sprouted.  

You will notice this fungus on the leaves of oak trees in early summer as raised greenish-yellow spots on the top and gray depressions underneath. The leaf will then turn red or brow

Luckily, this fungus does not full eliminate injured oak trees. Instead, it deforms the appearance of the oak tree with discolored leaves. 

How Do I Prevent Oak Leaf Blister On My Oak Tree? 

Preventing oak leaf blister is quite easy. Apply a pesticide to the buds of the tree in early spring and it will keep it at bay. Fungicides do not work on this affliction if you use it after the buds have broken open.

Only use this method if you are dealing with a small tree. I strongly recommend hiring a professional if you are applying pesticide to a large tree. It is a very laborious and dangerous job, so consider your safety when deciding how to treat your tree. 

Oak Wilt 

Oak wilt, scientifically known as ceratocystis fagacearum, is a oak tree fungal affliction that was discovered in red oak trees 77 years ago and affects trees in over twenty states. It can affect every species of oak tree, but white oaks are more resistant to oak wilt than red oaks. 

The fungus spreads through the roots of the oak tree and by sap beetles that feed on it. 

Wilted, dull green, or brown oak leaves are the first sign of oak wilt, which is similar to drought-affected trees. Every color of leaves will have fallen at the tips of the branches. In some oaks, you will see brown streaks underneath the bark. 

Once affected, red oak trees can parish as little as weeks later, while white oaks can last one to a few years after the fungus. 

The most important thing you should do to stop oak wilt in its tracks is remove the affected tree from your yard. Do this before the beetles or roots can spread it to other trees. 

How Do I Prevent Oak Wilt On My Oak Tree? 

The most effective way to prevent oak wilt is to avoid pruning the tree once the spring temperatures reach 50 degrees. Sap beetles become active when it gets warm and fungi create fruiting structures, so the oak affliction spreads quickly when it is warmer. 

Once you wound the tree by pruning, paint over the exposed areas with tree-wound paint so the beetles can’t get to the sap as easily. 

Finishing Up 

You can do a lot of the steps above on your own, but the best option for inspecting, treating, and preventing fungi from invading your oak trees is to call a professional. They will take out any hassle or confusion when figuring out what is wrong with your tree. 

Make sure your yard is free of fallen leaves and branches and affected, tree stumps. Many fungi will survive year after year if left unchecked, so follow the tips above to keep the annoying fungus from invading your oak trees.

If you’re interested, take a look at our guide: 10 Early Symptoms of a Dying Oak Tree: Prevention Guide to learn more about saving your oak tree!

Go forth and good luck! 

References 

Ambourn, Angie K., Jennifer Juzwik, and Roger D. Moon. “Seasonal dispersal of the oak wilt fungus by Colopterus truncatus and Carpophilus sayi in Minnesota.” Plant Disease 89.10 (2005): 1067-1076. 

Koetter, Rebecca, and Michelle Grabowski. “Anthracnose of Shade Trees.” Lawn and Garden, UMN Extension, 2018. 

Frankel, Susan J. “Sudden oak death and Phytophthora ramorum in the USA: a management challenge.” Australasian Plant Pathology 37.1 (2008): 19-25.

Popenoe, Juanita, et al. “Key Plant, Key Pests: Oak (Quercus spp.): ENH1332/EP596, 12/2020.” EDIS 2020.6 (2020). 

Smith. “Rhododendron Plants, Walmart, Rural King and Sudden Oak Death!” Fairfield County Master Gardeners, The Ohio State University, 18 July 2019. 

Southworth, Darlene. “Oaks and mycorrhizal fungi.” Oak: Ecology, types and management (2013): 207-218. 

You have heard of the popular tongue-twister: how much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood, but let’s change it to beavers and ask ‘why.’ If you are looking for some digestible, but true, reasons why and how beavers cut down trees, this is the piece for you! 

Beavers cut down trees to make food easier to access, prepare lodging, and store fat for the winter. The dams and lodges they build also act as protection from predators and the elements. In general, a beaver can cut through a mature tree in approximately 8 minutes.

Before we continue our discussion of why exactly beavers cut down trees (and how they do so), let’s dive into what a beaver is, exactly!

What Is A Beaver?

Beavers are large, semi-aquatic rodents with a broad tail to aid in swimming and large teeth to help them cut down trees successfully. 

These critters are part of the Castor genus and, within this classification, we most commonly see two different species of beaver: the Eurasian beaver and the North American beaver.

Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute tells us a beaver has orange teeth due to its protective coating and those teeth continue to grow throughout a beaver’s life. This is likely because they chew through so much wood they would otherwise wear their teeth down completely.

Beavers are well-designed to thrive in water and on land, with front paws that are clawed and more easily used to get across terrestrial surfaces, whereas their back paws are webbed and much more akin to those of an aquatic animal.

While you might not expect it, beavers can swim pretty darn fast- up to 6mph, about 3 times as fast as an average human swimmer (though Olympians sometimes swim at a similar 5-6mph.) On land, these critters get a little less refined- walking awkwardly between their clawed front paws and webbed, larger back ones.

Not to worry though, the beaver’s speed (and amazing lung capacity) outweigh any awkwardness they may encounter on land. Beavers can swim for about a quarter of an hour underwater, which we would dare to say is longer than the vast majority of other rodents.

A beaver’s eyesight is not quite up-to-par, so they rely on their ears and whiskers to help them feel out (and ‘hear’ out) spaces. This comes in handy because the dams and lodges beavers build may be secure, but they are also incredibly dark.

Sunset and sunrise may be undetectable markers of time inside a beaver’s lodging because of how thick the wooden walls are. It is a good thing beavers do not need excellent sight, because they certainly would not have good visibility in their homes, regardless.

Also, unlike most other rodents, beavers’ tails are quite broad and can range from being shorter and wider to longer and slimmer, though the general design remains relatively similar across species.

Cool, so now we know a bit more about beavers, but what about different TYPES of beavers?

You can learn even more about beavers in At Home with the Beaver: The Story of a Keystone Species. It provides information about all the species beavers provide habitat to.

American Beaver 

The American beaver is the state mammal of New York- now we bet you did not know that one. (But if you did, props for knowing your stuff!)

This species has a longer and flatter tail, which can help to distinguish this species of beaver. It is also black instead of brown.

The National Wildlife Federation confirms the beaver is the largest rodent in all of the United States, clocking in at 2-3 feet long. Guess what? This length does not even factor in the tail!

These populations are stable, even after a history of being hunted in the Americas for their pelts. In the early 1600s we almost eradicated the animal from what is now New York state, but not to worry- beavers made a comeback and there are now plenty of them all over the continental U.S. 

Eurasian Beaver 

Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber).

As you might assume after seeing this species’ name, Eurasian beavers populate areas of Europe and Asia.

However, you might not know this once-widespread creature is now found primarily in certain regions of Europe, thanks to centuries of overhunting. 

Certain efforts have been made in recent decades to help beavers become once again populous, but these things take time. 

You can differentiate this species by their broader and more oval-shaped tail when compared to an American beaver.

In the wild, these animals can live between 10 and 20 years, though lifespans fall at the lower end of the range because of environmental factors and poaching.

4 Reasons Beavers Cut Down Trees

Alright, this is it… the moment you have been waiting for! The rhyme and reason of it all. The 4 main reasons beavers do what they do, which will eventually lead us to talk about how they do it.

When it comes down to it, these reasons have to do with survival over comfort. However, the lodges beavers build can be pretty cool and the way they harvest the wood they use is, too.

Here are a few reasons beavers spend so much time and energy working to cut down trees.

Beavers Cut Down Trees For Food

Beavers are herbivores. Haven’t heard the term in a while? It’s okay. 

It means beavers only eat plant products. 

Anything from aquatic plants to leaves off of trees and even the wood itself can make a meal for a beaver.

Funny enough, what they use to build is also their preferred type of food. It seems hard to believe building materials could combine as a meal, but hey, we don’t make the rules!

Beavers cut down trees because they cannot climb them. So, to reach those lush green leaves, they have to bring the top of the tree down to their level. 

At this stage, a beaver might decide to eat more or to break up the branches and twigs along with other tree bits to build a dam or a lodge. 

When you can’t eat, build… right??

You might wonder how there is any nutritional value in these tree bits, but they provide quite a bit of value to beavers. 

Like other plants, they need to be preserved to offer a significant amount of nutrition. This is where the cold water inside dams and lodges comes in handy- it acts as a sort of cooler or refrigerator system to keep these harvested parts of plants cold and full of their nutritional value. 

During the winter, beavers will eat the stems and branches they stored away at earlier times in the year, often as they worked to build their living structures. 

Did you know a beaver’s tail doubles as a place to store fat for the winter? They also use them to warn others of danger when they slap into the water in a certain way.

Beavers Cut Down Trees For Wood To Build Homes

This might be the most obvious of the reasons, the one you were expecting to see. It is true, beavers use a ton of wood for their lodging, but how much do you really know about that?

Beavers are commonly referred to as ecosystem engineers because, as we mentioned above, their lodges truly can affect the entire ecosystem around them.

These creatures are nocturnal and build these structures at night, which makes them appear to be sneaky creatures, while in reality, this is just their most productive period. 

Water levels have to be at least 2 feet deep, but ideally are higher, because they build lodges with hunkering down for the winter in mind. If beavers build a lodge in waters that are too shallow, the bottom half of their home (including those underwater entrances) might freeze during the cold season.

Though lower waters do not work with lodges, they are well-suited for dams that can be built in areas with faster-moving water like rivers, or lower levels of water like small ponds.

These structures are also often works in progress. Beavers may add bedding to the floor of sleeping chambers, create roofs and extra chambers, and make other additions as the need for space grows.

It is common for these creatures to first form a passageway before then digging out a living chamber (the central open space of a lodge) by pushing up on the pieces of wood or even gnawing their way through sections that need to be widened.

Okay, so now that we know a bit more about how lodging works- let’s discuss how beavers might use these spaces for general protection from predators.

Cutting Down Trees Provides Beavers With Protection

Those dams (and also the lodges) beavers build themselves often have many entrances, but they are almost all going to be found underwater. So, natural predators like coyotes, foxes, great-horned owls, and bobcats cannot get in. It can even block otters from entering these spaces.

Beavers design dams to be so much more functional than most people realize, combing style and safety into a secure and sound design. It also helps them stay social with other beavers. 

If danger arises, a beaver can swim quickly into their lodge using those powerful lungs and quick swimming skills. 

On a similar note, if anything occurs inside the lodge, a beaver can escape its home easily and rapidly. 

Dams and lodges are built for easy access by beavers and defense against any predators. 

Just as the beaver is famous for slapping its tail in the water to signal danger, dams are infamous for being the cherished homes and protectors of the species, and for good reason.

This protection extends far past predators and also helps beavers find refuge from the elements. 

When temperatures drop to freezing or below in the winter, beavers have a safe haven underneath the surface. The water may be cold, but beaver’s food storage throughout the summer and fall months has helped them to prepare deeply for a moment like this. 

Storms, ice, and other elements on the outside do not affect the inhabitants of the lodges nearly as much as they would if these animals had to live out in the open air.

Beavers Cut Down Trees To Provide Sustenance for Winter

Beavers do not hibernate, so they need all 3 of the above benefits to be made more accessible during the cold winter months when ground and water freeze over.

During the fall months, beavers will eat more bark than usual to help them fatten up for the cold and long months of winter. 

Even during periods when beavers are not looking to bulk up, tree material comprises the vast majority of their diet, only supplemented by water plants they might find as they swim around. 

During the winter, when resources are low, the natural refrigerator system we have discussed above provides easy and reliable access to food beavers can use to sustain their already-fattened bodies. This helps them to remain active and nourished throughout even the iciest of winter days.

Even if the stockpile runs out- all is not lost!

The University of North Texas describes it like this: if beavers ever run out of food in their naturally refrigerated underwater storage piles, it’s no big deal! Why? They just start eating pieces of their home- easy peasy.

On top of the access to food, let’s not forget the shelters beavers build are complex and protect against more than just predators. Weather-based dangers are also kept safely out of reach of beavers as they stay warm (enough) and safe in their thick wooden lodges and dams.

How Do Beavers Cut Down Trees?

Beaver cut down tree partially

Okay, everything so far is all fine and dandy. Beavers eat, sleep, and live among the trees, but how on earth are those little animals able to cut down entire trees? 

They do not know how to work chainsaws… right? 

Beavers do not need power tools, because they have something naturally powerful on them at all times. 

Beaver’s teeth are no joke. 

Beavers will rapidly chew through the bark and the trunk of a tree, chipping away small pieces of wood at a quick rate, which causes the tree to come crashing down within minutes. 

First, they strip away the bark with this quick gnawing, giving way to the softer wood of the trees, the beaver’s target. 

The way they wear their teeth down while they keep growing makes the shape of their incisors perfectly suited to chomp and chew straight through as many trees as a beaver needs. 

Remember, the reason for this chewing could be a beaver needs to build a new lodge to sleep in, wants to store fat for the winter, needs to be protected from a predator by building a shelter, or simply wants a snack. 

Whatever the reason, it does not take a beaver long to achieve its goal of cutting down any tree- no matter the size.

How Long Does It Take A Beaver To Chew Through A Tree?

Beavers can cut down as many as 200 trees a year, but what does their rate of chewing seriously look like?

One beaver can remove nearly 150 chips of wood from a tree with a 5-inch diameter, which would topple the tree in mere moments. This means it would take about 8 minutes to cut down a relatively mature tree, depending on the species. 

These expert lumberjacks make other species, and machines, look silly.

Beavers prefer trees with a diameter of fewer than 6 inches because the bark of smaller trees is more nutritious. This way, they can reap the benefits of the bark and have a quicker chewing time to cut down the rest of the wood. They use this as food reserves or wood for building lodging. 

A beaver will typically work alone to fell a tree (cut it down), but the colony as a whole will often work to break up sections of the tree. They then divide these sections into food or building materials, and you get the picture!

What Kind Of Trees Do Beavers Prefer?

Beavers use whatever trees they find in their general environment- some popular species of which are poplar, maple, birch, aspen, and willow.

Softwood trees are the most commonly cut down by beavers. 

Since they eat parts of the same trees they use to build, they hold a special preference for those they enjoy munching on. Aspen, poplar, and cottonwood trees are some fan favorites. So, if you have any of these trees and live in a wooded area near any significant aquatic areas- pay extra attention to them. 

Where Are Beavers Found?

In North America, aside from some of the desert regions of the West, beavers can be found all over!

Ponds, lakes, rivers, marshes, wooded areas, streams, and wetland areas are just some environments beavers call home. 

You probably know beavers build dams, but did you know they can also build lodges nearly 7 feet tall, and sometimes even higher?

This is great for beavers because it means they can adapt their environments to fit their needs. Unlike many other animals, beavers can quite literally create new habitats of their own.

It is for this reason beavers need wood, but their motivations are more complex than this alone.

The dams beavers build are made primarily of sticks and reeds. Sometimes, they also add branches and saplings into these wood and mud-walled structures.

These structures can create new habitats because they result in ponds moving, although slowly. They can also support other aquatic life as well as food and water sources for other, larger animals. 

The other structure beavers create, lodges, sit both above and below the waterline, with multiple entrances underneath the surface. However, other parts of the lodge may be above water, such as the sleeping area. 

Beavers typically prepare for and construct these lodges during the summer and winter months to get ready for the winter, but more on this later!

That’s A Wrap!

Well, that’s all we have for you today. We hope you learned a lot of new information about why, how, and when beavers work to cut down trees. 

The primary goal is this piece is just like a beaver’s teeth- not dull!

Learning about the surrounding wildlife not only helps us to live more harmoniously with nature, but it also helps us to understand the reasons we should want to!

Also, knowing how and why beavers cut down trees is just one more piece of the puzzle as we work to grow on our personal and collective tree journeys.

Here are the 4 reasons why beavers cut down trees:

  • Beavers eat trees from leaves and twigs to large sticks.
  • Beavers build lodging materials from cut down wood.
  • Dams and lodges double as predator protection for beavers.
  • Trees help beavers store fat when eaten, but also protect them from the elements when lived in, during cold winter months.

Essentially, beavers cut down trees and get a snack, a place to sleep, defense, and shelter from the elements. Not a bad four-in-one deal if you ask us!!

Now, we’ll let you go- thanks for reading and learning with us.

I hope this piece helped you learn something new. As usual, good luck as you continue along your tree journey, and we hope to welcome you again soon!

References

Müller-Schwarze, D. (2011). The beaver. Cornell University Press.

Saunders, D. A. (1988.) Adirondack Mammals. State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry. 216pp.

Greyhounds of the desert, perhaps better known as cheetahs, are large cats native to the African continent. These large cats are notably fast and physically unique.

When cheetahs are smaller, younger, and more agile, they use trees as a playground. They also use tree climbing for communication, as well as marking their territory. While marking their territory, cheetahs use the high ground to survey the land for potential prey.

Below, we’re going to discuss whether cheetahs are adept climbers and how they climb, along with discussing exactly what a cheetah is! Let’s get to it!

Can Cheetahs Climb Trees?

Male cheetah prepares to climb down tree

Funny enough, and unlike other big cats, cheetahs are not natural climbers. 

If you do a quick google search without looking into some research, or even digging through a few search results to compare, you might think cheetahs do not climb trees at all. 

While this is not true, there is some validity because cheetahs do not climb regularly. Their bodies are simply not built with climbing as a priority.

The leopard, for example, is much keener to climb trees. This is likely because it is a jungle cat, while cheetahs originate from the plains of the African continent with fewer trees to climb.

So, in what cases can you find a cheetah climbing a tree?

Why Do Cheetahs Climb Trees?

There are just a few reasons for cheetahs to be climbing in trees, and it is important to know they are not necessarily standard practice for all cheetahs. 

Remember, climbing trees is more of an exception to the rule for these furry felines.

Cheetah Cubs Use Trees As A Playground

When cheetahs are still cubs with smaller bodies and more agility to climb, trees can act as a great location to play. 

There are photographs of mothers and cubs up in trees, even if it may have taken a while to get up into the branches compared to their other big cat relatives. 

Think for a moment about how house cats like to play on ‘cat condos’ and things they can climb. It is the same sort of concept when you see cheetahs, especially young ones, slowly but surely scampering into the trees.

Cheetahs Use Trees For Communication

Information from the Cheetah Conservation Fund tells us this particular instance where it is more common to see cheetahs climbing in trees has some complex meaning behind it.

Trees are not solely a place for cheetahs to play, they also act as a medium for communication.

This is seen most commonly, and pretty recently, in Namibian cheetahs. It was discovered just a few decades ago these trees also seem to act as territorial markers for cheetahs.

The trees cheetahs can climb and use for communication are defined by some physical traits.

Trees with sloped trunks rather than trunks coming up at a 90-degree angle from the ground are better suited for cheetahs to climb. The limbs of these sorts of trees are large and horizontal, providing a great platform for cheetahs to climb around on. 

Let’s dig into how cheetahs specifically use trees to communicate, though, shall we?

Cheetahs Use Trees To Mark Territory

Communication has many forms, but marking one’s territory is a little less complex. 

Cheetahs climb trees to survey the land for prey, but in going into the trees, something else also happens. These big cats will go from play tree to play tree in a given area, leaving their mark as they go.

How do they leave their mark?

Think of other animals, even your pet dog, that mark their territory and you might come up with a few ideas.

Essentially, cheetahs will urinate on the trunk of a tree or leave scat on the branches to stake their claim to an area. 

This communicates with other cheetahs, and perhaps other species altogether, that an individual has already claimed a space.

The reason trees are the chosen location for this action has a lot to do with the environment of the area cheetahs often live in. 

In sandy areas like deserts, shrublands, and open plains, few areas will remain visibly marked up by an animal. 

Sand blows, grass can be stomped and ruffled by many species, and there are few other natural landmarks they can use to claim a place. 

Trees offer a surface softer than rock, higher than some mounds of sand, and they stand out more than some of the other nature surrounding them. 

They are the perfect place for cheetahs to mark their territory. 

How Do Cheetahs Climb Trees?

Two cheetah cubs climb tree on savannah

As we mentioned before, it is not the easiest thing in the world for cheetahs to climb trees.

The body of a cheetah is built specifically for speed, which is what makes it the fastest land animal on earth. They do not just get this superlative by chance, and it means some other abilities like having big teeth to chew and climbing trees, for example, are not the most important to this species. 

Their retractable claws and special pads used to create traction are not only good for running, though. 

While cheetahs may not be natural-born climbers, they can still do so when the conditions are right.

So, how do the smallest of the big cats do it?

Thanks to many physical attributes that make this cat the fastest, the cheetah can climb trees well enough. 

While cheetahs physically can climb trees, they do not do so often. That is why most searches of cheetahs climbing trees will give you pieces saying cheetahs cannot do this activity. 

Cheetahs are not the best climbers, this much is true, but they are certainly physically able.

They Use Their Paw Pads

You know cheetahs have paw pads capable of creating some serious traction but have you thought about all the ways this could benefit these animals?

Cheetahs need this extra traction while running at top speed, but these cats do more than just run. 

As a cheetah is attempting to climb a tree, what might come in handy?

You guessed it- paw pads with an extra bit of grip!

While cheetahs’ paws are not sticky or grippy in how other species’ might be, they have merit of their own. 

The paw pads on a cheetah can help keep some traction as they move their paws along the bark of a tree they are climbing. 

Similar to how humans wear special shoes to go rock climbing and bouldering, cheetahs’ paw pads help create some stability not only as they run but also as they climb trees to mark their territory.

Their Semi-Retractable Claws Help Them Climb

In a similar vein to the paw pads, the retractable claws cheetahs get to sport also offer some help when these big cats go climbing.

Let’s draw another parallel to human sports for a moment. 

Bear with us here.

When rock climbers hit sheets of ice, when mountaineers reach the snowy tops of mountains, when park rangers go on steep solo treks, they all wear shoes with some sort of spike. 

While the semi-retractable claws cheetahs have are uncommon in the overall cat family, this irregularity comes in quite handy- no pun intended.

First, what does semi-retractable mean?

When a cat retracts its claws, it is moving a tendon to contract the claw up and into its paw. This, in most cat species, works to help them keep their claws sharp while maintaining a level of surprise when hunting prey. 

Semi-retractable means the claws cannot go all the way into the paw of the cat. 

So, cheetahs are always walking around with at least a partial claw out ready to grip, tear, or whatever else a claw might do.

This is beneficial in more ways than one. For instance, cheetahs can use their claws at different lengths to grip onto the tree they are climbing. 

This may not be great for the tree if a cheetah digs too deep, but it will undoubtedly help it climb up there.

Now, aside from aspects of physique related to the paw, there is one more big factor that might just determine how successfully a cheetah can climb up a tree. 

This factor is age.

Young Cheetahs Are Better Climbers

For a moment, think of what it was like to be playing in a tree as a kid. You probably felt more limber, a little more courageous, and it was likely easier to wind through the branches than it would be as an adult. 

If you are still a kid- enjoy climbing those trees with ease!!

On a related note (we promise), young cheetahs have an easier time climbing up trees than their older relatives do. 

Thanks to their youthful bodies being small, lightweight, and not yet as strategically built to run ultra-fast, cheetah cubs have an advantage when it comes to climbing.

Little cheetahs can scamper up trees using those padded paws and semi-retractable claws because they have less bodyweight to pull up with them and can more freely move among the branches. 

This is, again, not to say that adult cheetahs don’t climb trees, but their youthful counterparts just do it in a breeze

What Is A Cheetah?

A cheetah is a carnivorous mammal that inhabits broad sections of Africa. 

Its status is vulnerable, which falls in between ‘near threatened’ and ‘endangered’ on a conservation scale. 

Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute tell us cheetahs can accelerate from 0 to 45mph in just 2.5 seconds. This fun fact makes cheetahs the fastest land mammal on the planet.

Did you know cheetahs can reach a speed of 60 to 70mph?

Think about driving a car. Not just anywhere, though. Just imagine driving a car on the highway, looking over, and seeing a huge cat running right next to you. 

A cheetah could compete with the speed of a car any day, something we hope to leave up to the imagination for now.

If you are looking for more information on cheetahs and their current day plights, check out Remembering Cheetahs: Remembering Wildlife. It contains photographs from some of the top wildlife photographers in the world, and raises money for charity with each sale.

Identifying A Cheetah

Cheetah close up

Cheetahs have small heads and high set eyes, as well as a black tear mark from the inner corner of the eyes down to the mouth. 

You will see white sections of fur around the cheetah’s eyes and neck, as well as the underside of their belly, while the rest of their body is a yellow or tan color as the base. 

If you did not already know, cheetahs sport black spots all over their bodies, which act as camouflage within the grasses of the savannah and the shadows cast by this environmental feature.

The appearance of a cheetah is important, but the traits they physically use are even more significant when understanding how cheetahs live and survive in the wild.

Physical Traits Of A Cheetah

Cheetahs, as a species, have many highly beneficial physical traits, as well as some superlatives they hold, like the fastest land mammal.

With partially retractable claws and special paw pads, cheetahs have the gift of great traction even as they exponentially speed up from rest to their peak speed of 70mph.

Every part of a cheetah’s physique helps with its speed. From a tail made to help with turning and balancing to a slender body with long legs, speed is a part of this animal’s very nature.

Some traits hinder cheetahs more than help them.

Cheetahs have large lungs and nostrils meant to provide a ton of air to their lungs while running, which means they have much less space for their teeth. 

Since cheetahs have such relatively small teeth, they have to suffocate their prey.

While cheetahs are undoubtedly lethal to their prey, they cannot fight with other predators and are at a disadvantage because of their small teeth.

Where Do Cheetahs Live?

The areas of the African continent cheetahs inhabit include North, Eastern, and Southern Africa.

There is a species of the cheetah native to Iran, but is critically endangered, unfortunately. The Iranian cheetah is one of the most endangered felids in the world.

Countries like Kenya, Namibia, Botswana, and Tanzania are home to most cheetahs thanks to their dry environments with shrublands.

The spots cheetahs sport on their fur helps them blend into these grass and shrublands. The shadows from a direct and harsh amount of sunlight give off a similar black cast within the tan grass.

So, we know now where cheetahs live, but how long do they live?

Lifespan Of A Cheetah

If you have a house cat, you might be ready to predict the lifespan of a cheetah. They are all just cats, right?

Well, not quite. 

Cheetahs actually only live between 8 to 10 years in the wild. Territorial conflicts, a constant pressure to catch and keep prey, and other environmental factors, cause their lifespan to be about ⅔ of a common house cat’s.

In human care, however, cheetahs can live up to 15 years.

This is because captivity removes some of the environmental factors, though the lifespan of this creature is relatively short no matter what way you swing it. 

In this pretty brief life, what is a cheetah’s diet like?

What Do Cheetahs Eat?

Many big cats are nocturnal hunters, giving them the benefit of slinking around in the dark. 

Cheetahs have speed on their side and do not need this leg up. So, you can expect cheetahs to hunt in the early morning hours as well as late afternoon.

The primary food source for cheetahs is animals ranging from small to medium, such as antelope and the young of larger animals like warthogs. 

Game and birds also contribute to a cheetah’s diet, though they are not the majority of the food these animals use to sustain themselves.

Cheetahs have to be on the defensive during mealtimes, as other animals like lions and vultures create competition. 

Even though these big cats are fast, they are often bullied into losing their prey by other predators thanks to their lack of ability to fight. 

Remember the discussion about cheetahs having small teeth? Well, it comes into play here when we consider they are much less likely to win in a fight with a lion.

Cheetahs do not come back to prey once they leave them, so they must eat quickly and efficiently to avoid losing them altogether to a competitor.

That’s It!

Well, that’s pretty much all we have on cheetahs and trees. 

While the big cats can certainly climb trees contrary to other random internet searches you might find, the activity is not their forte. 

Unlike other big cats like lions, leopards, jaguars ,and more, cheetahs often stay on the ground. 

They can run laps around any of their cousins any time though. Cheetahs have their own set of rules to go by. 

Remember, there are 3 reasons a cheetah will climb up in a tree:

  • Play: Young cheetahs love to climb around and play wherever they can. After a while, it is all about the hunt, and these youngsters make use of their ‘free’ time in those early days. 
  • Communication: There are ways animals, including cheetahs, communicate that have nothing to do with sound. Cheetahs climb trees to see prey, to stake a claim, and to convey several other messages. 
  • To Mark Territory: Circling back to communication, cheetahs’ main purpose for climbing trees seems to be marking their territory. It is hard to leave a mark in the constantly blowing sand, and trees offer a great blank slate to stake a claim.

We hope this piece gave you some extra insight into the relationship between cheetahs and trees. 

Until next time, we hope you continue your tree journey and keep learning about all the crazy interactions that make our planet so interesting!

Oh, and (as always), thanks for sticking with us.

References

​​Farhadinia, M. (2004). The last stronghold: cheetah in Iran. Cat News, 40, 11-14.

Marker, L. L., & Dickman, A. J. (2003). Morphology, physical condition, and growth of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus). Journal of mammalogy, 84(3), 840-850.

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